Browsing by Author "Fitmawati"

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    AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN BENALU (Scurulla sp) YANG TUMBUH PADA BEBERAPA INANG TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Salmonella typhi
    (2013-03-04) Nasution, Pebriana; Roza, Rodesia Mustika; Fitmawati
    Scurulla sp as arboreal parasitic plant that hold and absorb its nutrient from host. During nutrient absorption, all of metabolites (include secondary metabolites) which produce by the host will be also absorbed. For this reason Scurulla sp must have capability to develop strategies to adapt. Different host are estimated to produce different secondary metabolite. The aims of this study is to know the best solvent between water and methanol to reduce the antibacterial activity of leaf extracts Scurulla sp from different hosts (Coffea arabica, Theobroma cacao, Diospyros nigra) and to know the concentration exctract of Scurulla sp against S. typhi. The method used in this research is the experimental method in the laboratory. There are 5 concentration variations. This extraction performed used methanol and water, and were used series of dilution 10%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. The exctract than was tested by paper disc diffusion and agar wells method, then incubated for 24-72 hours at room temperature. Observations were made by measuring the area which of inhibition. The results showed the inhibition of the solvent methanol has the inhibition area is bigger than the solvent water at all concentrations. Extract of Scurulla sp from Coffea arabica host, Theobroma cacao host and Diospyros nigra host showed the highest in a 100% concentration. The lowest concentration of 10% is characterized by no area of the inhibition on all hosts with the methanol and water solvents
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    AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN MAHANG (Macaranga triloba (Muell.) Arg.) TERHADAP Escherichia coli DAN Salmonella typhi
    (2013-03-04) Sari, Rika Purnama; Roza, Rodesia Mustika; Fitmawati
    Many kinds of plant species grow in Indonesia. One of them is Mahang (Macaranga triloba (Muell.) Arg.). Mahang (Macaranga triloba (Muell.) Arg.) leaf are often used as traditional medicine. The aims of this study were to find the activity of bacterias using 4 extraction methods and to find the most effective extraction method and concentration in inhibition the bacteria growth againts E. coli and S. typhi. The extraction which had been done by maceration method with methanol dissolver, boiling dry leaf, grinding leaf, boiling fresh leaf. The testing activity was done using paper disk and agar well by extract concentration 100%, 75%, 50%, 25% and 10%. The result of this research showed that of the most effective extraction method and concentration in producing inhibition zone were methanol in concentration of 100%, both E. coli and S. typhi, that is 15,43±2,19 mm and 20,67±1,14 mm
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    AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN PEPAYA (Carica papaya L.) TERHADAP Escherichia coli DAN Salmonella typhi
    (2013-03-04) Anggrahini, Dian ND.; Roza, Rodesia M.; Fitmawati
    Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is a plant which had been used by society since long time ago as a traditional medicine. It was predicted that there was antibacterial substances in papaya, so it can be used as antibiotic substitutes. The aims of this study were to know the extraction method and concentration of Carica papaya L. against the test bacteria. Carica papaya L. leaf extract were made by maceration method, grinding method, boiling fresh leaf method, and boiling dry leaf method. The test bacteria were E. coli and S. typhi. The inhibition zone was determined for concentration ranging from 10% to 100% (10%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%). Antibacterial activity test was done using paper disc and agar well methods. The result showed that Carica papaya L. leaf extract had antibacterial activities against E. coli and S. typhi that was showed by zone of inhibition. Maceration method with agar well was the most effective extraction method against of E. coli and S. typhi. The bigest zone of inhibition was showed in concentration 100%. The maceration method with agar well demonstrated the highest activity against E. coli (17±1 mm zone of inhibition) and S. typhi (15±0,5 mm zone of inhibition)
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    ANALISIS FILOGENETIK TIGA POPULASI DUKU TURAK (Lansium domesticum Corr.) ASAL KABUPATEN KUANTAN SINGINGI BERDASARKAN KARAKTER MORFOLOGI
    (2013-05-24) S, Dewi Kartika; Fitmawati; Sofiyanti, Nery
    Duku Turak is a native fruit from Kuantan Singingi regency. This plant is mainly distributed in three regions i.e. Cerenti, Gunung Toar and Benai District. Those populations are predicted as old populations and have morphological character variation. In spite of this, the information of duku Turak is limited. Therefore a detail exploration of this plant is important to be carried out. The aims of this study were to analyzed the variation of morphological characters and to determine the phylogenetic relationship of duku Turak. The method was carried out using exploration method. A total of 40 individuals from three study sites were examined, consisted of 15 individuals from Cerenti, 15 from Gunung Toar and 10 from Benai. Fourty one morphological characters were scored to construct cladogram. Thirty nine individuals out of 40 were grouped together in a clade, while one individual of ingroup (Gunung Toar 12) was excluded and made a branch with outgroup. The group in cladogram was not based on the origin population but mainly based on the similarity of morphological character.
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    ANALISIS HUBUNGAN KEKERABATAN BEBERAPA JENIS MANGGA (Mangifera) BERDASARKAN KARAKTER MORFOLOGI DAN FLUORESENSI KLOROFIL
    (2013-07-04) Swita, Anggi; Fitmawati; Minarni
    This study aimed to characterizeand to determine mango species of Mangiferabased onthe morphological character and laser induced fluoresence of chlorophyll. The study had been conducted from December 2012 to March 2013 on 4 study sites in Riau Province by using a survey method anda direct observationto the morphological characters and a simple method to the fluoresence of chlorophyll. Data of morphological observation and fluoresence of chlorophyll was described in a character tabel. A total of 80morphological characters and fluoresence of chlorophyll were scored and analyzed using PAUP 4.0. 9 distinct mango species from Mangifera genus were determinedbased on the morphological characters and fluoresence of chlorophyll. The cladogram formed two main clads, clad I only consisted of M. torquendra and clad II consisted of M. foetida, M. odorata, M. indica, M. laurina, M. sumatrana, M. zeylenica, M. quadrifida and Mangifera sp.. All of the Mangiferaspecies in clad II were grouped with bootstrap value at 51%. The clustering result in the cladogram was mainly based on the similarity of morphological characters and the similarity of fluoresence colors.
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    ANALISIS HUBUNGAN KEKERABATAN GENUS Bauhinia BERDASARKAN KARAKTER MORFOLOGI
    (2020-05) Tiffani; Fitmawati
    One of the species from genus Bauhinia used by the Lingga Malay Society as a herbal medicine is kangkang katup (Bauhinia sp.). This species grows not only in the Riau Island, but can also be found in the Riau Mainland area such as the Arboretum Universitas Riau and Taman Hutan Raya (TAHURA) Sultan Syarif Hasyim. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship among 3 species of Bauhinia based on morphological characteristics. A descriptive method was used in this research with direct observation techniques on 3 species of Bauhinia and then the data was processed using the NTSYS application. A relationship analysis using the NTSYS application resulted a dendogram with a kf (phenotypic coefficient) similarity ranged from 70% to 90%. The dendrogam clearly displayed the morphology of Bauhinia sp. Lingga was in one main cluster with Bauhinia sp. Arboretum, while Bauhinia sp. TAHURA was in another cluste
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    ANALISIS HUBUNGAN KEKERABATAN MACANG (Mangifera foetida Lour.) DI SUMATERA BAGIAN TENGAH
    (2014-03-28) Anto; Fitmawati; Sofiyanti, N.
    The diversity of Mangifera foetida Lour. (macang) in central Sumatra has not been explored and inventoried. On the other hand, the diversity of cultivars and varieties of this species is endangered due to the lost of its natural habitat. This research aimed to analyze the diversity of macang in central Sumatra. The research was carried out from December 2011 to June 2013. The morphological and agronomical characters of a total of 66 macang trees had been observed. All of these observed characters were then scored and analyzed using NTSYSpc 2.02 to determine their clustering and using Minitab to analyze the principle component and correlation of Pearson. The result showed that the similarity coefficient ranged from 0.17 to 0.76. Dendogram constructed from the similairty coefficient showed two main groups, that clustered not based on the sample locations but based on the character similarity (fruit color). The first group consisted of 65 individuals and second group consisted of one individual. The result of Principle component analysis showed two main groups, with the diversity accumulation value was 40%. The results of correlation analysis of 66 characters showed that six characters were positively corellated
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    ANALISIS HUBUNGAN KEKERABATAN MANGGA (Mangifera sp.) DI KABUPATEN KAMPAR BERDASARKAN KARAKTER MORFOLOGI
    (2013-07-30) Pakpahan, Fransiska Warni; Fitmawati; Sofiyanti, Nery
    Kampar is one of the regencies in Riau Province that has high diversity of mango (Mangifera). This research was aimed to analyze the phenetic relationship of mango cultivars from the regency. This study had been conducted from December 2011 to September 2012. A total of 50 morphological characters were scored and analyzed using NTSYSpc 2.02. 43 mango cultivars from seven Mangifera species were identified in this study followed by Mangifera indica (22 cultivars), Mangifera laurina (7 cultivars), Mangifera zeylanica (5 cultivars), Mangifera foetida (4 cultivars), Mangifera odorata (3 cultivars), Mangifera sumatrana (1 cultivar) and Mangifera sp. (1 cultivar). The silimarity coefficients were ranged from 0.36 to 0.88. The dendrogram showed two main groups based on its sub genus, the first group consisted of 35 cultivars from subgenus Mangifera and the second group consisted of 8 cultivars from subgenus Limus.
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    ANALISIS HUBUNGAN KEKERABATAN PISANG (Musa spp.) DI KABUPATEN KAMPAR BERDASARKAN KARAKTER MORFOLOGI
    (2013-07-30) Manurung, Nia Marta; Fitmawati; Sofiyanti, Nery
    Kampar is a district in Riau Province that has high banana diversity. The aim of this research was to investigate the diversity of bananas based on morphological characters . This research had been conducted from March to July 2012 in five study sites i.e. Kampar Timur, Kampar, Rumbio Jaya, Tambang and Tapung Sub-district, using survey method and direct observation. A total of 43 banana trees were examined and scored using their morphological characters. The dendogram was constructed from similarity matrix using NTSyst which based on 89 morphological characters. The similarity coeficient was ranged from 0.15 to 0.84 that the highest relationship was found between Manis Bawang and Bantan cultivar, while the lowest relationship was found between Kowok and Lilin cultivar. A total of 33 banana cultivars were determined which based on the morphological character observation. The dendrogram showed two main groups, group I consisted of two cultivars, i.e. Tanduk and lilin, while group II consisted of 41 individuals from 31 cultivars. The potential bananas were divided into two groups, consumable bananas as fresh fruit (Buai Pendek, Udang, Godang, Barangan, Si Ajo, Tenalun, Timah) and cooked bananas (Tanduk, Bungo, Pawen, Nangko, Sirandah, Batu and Batu Abu).
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    ANALISIS HUBUNGAN KEKERABATAN RAMBUTAN (Nephelium lappaceum L.) DI KABUPATEN KAMPAR PROVINSI RIAU BERDASARKAN KARAKTER MORFOLOGI
    (2014-03-28) Situmorang, Frisilia; Sofiyanti, Nery; Fitmawati
    Kampar is one of the region in Riau Province that has high diversity of rambutan. This study aimed to determine the relationship of rambutan from Kampar region based on morphological characters. The research had been carried out from November 2012 to Januari 2013 using an exploration method. A total of 40 morphological characters were scored and analyzed using NTSYS-pc 2.02.i. The range of similarity coefficient was from 0,17 to 0,75. The highest similarity coefficient was found between individual TB4 and NO18, individual NO11 and NO18, while the lowest similarity coefficient was found between NO5 and NO15. The Dendrogram showed that the clustering was not based on the sample location but based on the similarity of morphological characters
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    ANALISIS KEANEKARAGAMAN SAGU (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) PADA TIGA TIPE HABITAT DI PULAU PADANG KEPULAUAN MERANTI
    (2014-03-05) Rahayu, Yeni; Fitmawati; Herman
    Pulau Padang memiliki areal penanaman sagu (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.). Menurut pengetahuan masyarakat lokal terdapat tiga tipe habitat kebun sagu di Pulau Padang, yaitu Gambut, Kilang Manis, dan habitat bertanah liat. Produktifitas sagu berkorelasi dengan ketiga tipe habitat tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengungkap keanekaragaman sagu pada tiga tipe habitat di Pulau Padang dan menentukan tipe habitat yang mendukung produktifitas sagu yang tinggi, sebagai informasi dasar bagi upaya konservasi habitat sagu. Sebanyak 19 individu sagu telah dikoleksi dari tiga tipe habitat dan diamati karakter morfologi dan agronominya. Hasil karakterisasi ditemukan tiga tipe variasi sagu yaitu sagu duri, sagu sengke, dan sagu bemban. Analisis kluster menunjukan bahwa tanaman sagu mengelompok pada tiga kelompok utama berdasarkan asal habitat dan keberadaan durinya pada tingkat kesamaan 31-88%. Berdasarkan analisis komponen utama membagi tanaman sagu menjadi 5 kelompok, cenderung mengelompok juga berdasarkan asal habitat dan keberadaan duri dengan nilai akumulasi keragaman dua komponen utama 58%. Tipe habitat kilang manis direkomendasikan sebagai habitat sagu yang perlu dikonservasi di pulau Padang
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    ANALISIS KORELASI KARAKTER MORFOLOGI TANAMAN KARET (Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex A. Juss) Mull. Arg.) DENGAN PRODUKTIVITASNYA DARI LIMA SENTRA PRODUKSI KARET PROPINSI RIAU
    (2014-04-14) Zulkifli, M. Adi; Fitmawati; Roslim, Dewi Indriyani
    Rubber plant (Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex A. Juss) Mull. Arg.) is one of commercial commodities in Riau Province that distributed at several plantation centers such as Bengkalis Regency, Kampar, Kuantan Singingi, Meranti, and Rokan Hulu. The propagation of rubber plants in long period of time causes variety in latex production. Nowdays, most of the rubber plantations in Riau Province use unstandardized seedling that result in diverse and low latex production. The first way to increate latex production is to identify the morphological characters related to latex production. This research was aimed to find out the characters that had correlation with latex productivity level. This research used exploration method. Samples such branches, leaves, and seeds from 10 rubber trees for each regency were collected, hence there were 50 samples were analyzed. The sample collection was based on the production level. A total of 66 morphological characters were analyzed. Seven out of 66 observed character had a correlation with latex production i.e. dense branch of tree, dense leaf of tree, dense leaf of branch, length petiole of main leaf, length petiole of leaflet, length of leaf, and wide of lamina. These characters can be used to select superior rubber plant.
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    ANALISIS VARIABILITAS GENETIK MANGGA SULAWESI BERDASARKAN PENANDA MOLEKULAR E-RAPD
    (2014-03-04) Fitmawati
    Berpijak pada fakta bahwa Sulawesi adalah pusat asal persebaran mangga poliembrioni Indonesia, diprediksi daerah ini mempunyai kekayaan genetik mangga yang sangat melimpah. Kekayaan genetik mangga dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku pemuliaan mangga apabila teridentifikasi, karakterisasi, dan evaluasi dengan baik. Plastisitas ciri morfologi, menyulitkan dalam membuat batasan jenis, sehingga dilakukan penelusuran untuk mengungkap variasi genetik mangga Sulawesi menggunakan penanda E-RAPD dengan keunggulan pita yang dihasilkan lebih jelas, reprodusibilitas tinggi, teknik mudah dan biaya lebih murah dibanding metoda lainnya. Menggunakan 14 primer E-RAPD diperoleh sebanyak 112 pita berukuran 200-1300 pb dengan tingkat polimorfisme sebesar 70,32 %. Variasi genetik mangga Sulawesi berkisar antara 62-89%. Pada nilai kemiripan 69% mangga Sulawesi mengelompok dalam lima kelompok. Nenek moysng umum mangga yaitu Hiku mengelompok bersama mangga tengguni, macan dan Kue, semua anggota kelompok ini asli berasal dari Selawesi. Kelompok kedua terdiri dari Mukmusang, Banyak papan 1 dan 2, serta Manalagi, kelompok ketiga terdiri dari Apel, Golek, Balik papan dan Madu, kelompok ke empat terdiri dari Gola, Kandre jawa, Kue2 dan Arumanis. Mangga Galongkong terpisah dari kelompok lainnya dan memiliki kemiripan genetik paling kecil (62%).
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    CALYMPERACEAE (MUSCI) PADA BEBERAPA TIPE VEGETASI DI KAWASAN CAGAR BIOSFER GIAM SIAK KECIL-BUKIT BATU PROVINSI RIAU
    (2013-03-01) Fastanti, Fandri Sofiana; Fitmawati; Sofiyanti, Nery
    Giam Siak Kecil-Bukit Batu Biosphere Reserve is a conservation area in Riau Province, characterized by its peat swamp forest. This area posses a unique biological diversity, including mosses (Musci). One family of Musci that can adapt in this area is Calymperaceae. This group has unique morphological structure and vegetative reproduction which make them can survive in this area. However, in spite of their uniques, the data of this group is inadequate and diversity of moss from this biosphere reserve had been not reported yet. The aims of this study are to identify, characterize, and classify Calymperaceae diversity of Giam Siak Kecil-Bukit Batu Biosphere Reserve. All of the specimens in this study were collected from six sites, that are grouped based on their vegetation types, i.e. natural forest, industrial plant forest, rubber forest, rubber plantations, oil palm plantations and home gardens. Total of 11 species belongs to 4 genera were recorded
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    EFEK EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN PELAWAN (Tristaniopsis obovata R.Br) TERHADAP STRUKTUR GINJAL TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus norvegicus) YANG MENGALAMI UROLITHIASIS
    (2016-01-26) Shecilia, Tantia; Yusfiati; Fitmawati
    Urolithiasis is a kidney stones disease caused by urine-substances accumulation in stone formation. This research aimed to review the influence and the effective dose of pelawan leaf (Tristaniopsis obovata R.Br) ethanol-extract towards kidney hystological change of Rattus norvegicus. Experiments was designed using the post test only control group. Twelve of R. norvegicus was divided into 4 groups of treatment with 3 replications. Group I were treated with inducer (etilen glikol 0.75% dan amonium klorida 2%) to form kidney stone. Group II and group III were treated with inducer and pelawan leaf ethanol-extract with dose of 100 mg/kg BW and 150 mg/kg BW for each group, respectively. Control group were not treated with pelawan leaf ethanol-extract. All treatment was given orally for 14 days. Right and left kidneys of R. norvegicus were collected and processed to histological slide using paraffin method and were stained with Hematoxylin Eosin (HE). The result showed that treatment of ethylene glycol caused cell swelling in glomerulus (100%), proximal tubule (67,7%), distal tubule (71.3%), and the loop of Henle (75,8%). Additionally, ethylene glycol also caused cell necrosis (36.1%). The treatment of pelawan leaf ethanol-extract with dose of 150 mg/kg BB is more capable to protect cell swelling in glomerulus (35%), proximal tubule (35,5%), distal tubule (18,4%), the loop of Henle (34,9%) and cell necrosis (15,4%).
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    EFEK EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN PELAWAN (Tristaniopsis obovata R.Br) TERHADAP STRUKTUR JARINGAN USUS HALUS TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN GALUR WISTAR
    (2016-01-26) Sari, Indah Okvita; Yusfiati; Fitmawati
    Today the use of herbal medicine is highly recommended. People now prefer to use herbal medicine to minimize the negative effects of synthetic drugs. However, the using of herbal medicine without a proper guidelines also caused negative effect to human health. Herbal medicine that widely used by the people of Riau is pelawan (Tristaniopsis obovata R.Br.). This plant is believed could cure various diseases and had been proven as antiurolithiatic agent. This study was conducted to determine the effect of ethanol extract of pelawan leaves on Wistar rat’s small intestine. The small intestine was processed into histological slides using paraffin methods and were stained with HE. The results proved that the ethanol extract of pelawan leaves on three different dose affects histological change in small intestine. The changes including inflammation on lamina propria, villous and capilary track, atrophy, hyperplasia, and lymphocitosis. The changes were increasingly looked at higher dose. These histological changes are the form of increased response of intestinal cells against invasion of foreign substances, thus we could concluded that pelawan leave could improve the protective response in small intestine.
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    EFEK EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN PELAWAN (Tristaniopsis obovata R.Br) TERHADAP STRUKTUR LIMPA TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus norvegicus) YANG MENGALAMI UROLITHIASIS
    (2016-01-30) Jannah, Wardatul; Yusfiati; Fitmawati
    This study is aimed to ascertain the effect of the ethanol extract of Pelawan plant (Tristanopsis obovata R.Br) toward Rattus norvegicus spleen tissue structure that had suffered urolithiasis. The experiments was design as Post Test only Control Group Design. Twelve males of R.norvegicus were divided into 4 groups, the first group was treated with Inducer (solution mixture of ethylene glycol 0.75% and ammonium chloride 2%), the second and the third group was treated with Inducer solution and ethanol extract of Pelawan leaves with a dose of 100 mg/kg BW and 150 mg/kg BW. The fourth group was considered as control and was not treated with inducer and ethanol extract of pelawan. All treatment were conducted 14 days. Histological slides were made using paraffin method and were stained using HE. The result was analyzed with one way ANOVA, followed by Tukey test if there is significant difference. Observation on spleen tissue indicated the damages on group treated with inducer, such as the hemorrhagic, the arteries dilatation, cell swelling, cytoplasm vacuolization, cell degeneration, necrosis pycnosis, and necrosis karyolysis. The recovery of spleen tissues were showed in group treated with Inducer + extract 100 mg/kg BW and Inducer + extract 150 mg/kg BW. They were artery normalization, cells degeneration, cytoplasm vacuolization, hemorrhagic area reduction, and hemosiderin formation. The result indicated that ethanol extract of Pelawan leaves have a positive effect on recovering the damages of spleen tissue caused by ethylene glicol
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    EKSPORASI DAN KARAKTERISASI KEANEKARAGAMAN PLASMA NUTFAH MANGGA (MANGIFERA) DI SUMATRA TENGAH
    (2014-03-05) Fitmawati; Suwita, Anggi; Sofiyanti, Nery; Herman
    Identifikasi dan karakterisasi adalah sebuah jembatan utama menuju pemanfaatan sember daya genetic tanaman dan konservasinya. Sumatera merupakan daerah hutan hujan tropis dengan keunikan bentangan dan aspek ekologisnya sehingga memiliki kekayaan hayati yang tinggi, salah satunya tanaman mangga. Namun, laju deforestasi hutan yang tinggi di Sumatera, khususnya bagian tengah menuntut perlunya dilakukan studi eksplorasi sumber daya hayati sebagai langkah awal konservasi. Keanekaragaman mangga di Sumatera adalah aspek penting dan menarik untuk dikaji karena ditemukan adanya karakter khusus yaitu kemampuan berbuah pada curah hujan tinggi. Karakter ini dapat digunakan sebagai sumber persilangan untuk perbaikan sifat tanaman mangga budidaya guna merakit bibit unggul yang beradaptasi dengan iklim basah. Eksplorasi keanekaragaman mangga di Sumatera tengah telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode survey, meliputi Provinsi Riau, Provinsi Sumatera Barat, Provinsi Jambi. Hasil eksplorasi diperoleh 900 koleksi mangga yang terdiri dari delapan spesies mangga, antara lain M. indica, M.zelenica, M. odorata, M. laurina, M. foetida, M. quadrifida, M. torquendra dan M. kemanga.
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    EXPLORATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MANGOES (Mangifera) GERMPLASM DIVERSITY IN RIAU PROVINCE
    (2014-05-22) Fitmawati
    Identification and characterization of germ plasma is an important link between the conservation and utilization of plant genetic resources. In the present research, we identified and characterized genetic and phenotypic variations within a hundreds cultivars from Riau. The objective of this research were to investigate genetic variability of local Mangoes in Riau. This research was used a survey method where carried out in 12 regency in Riau Province. The result found many variations of six species of mangoes, there are M. foetida, M. indica, M. odorata, M. sumatrana, M. laurina, and two other species which is the new records. The infraspecies level of diversity showed that M. odorata and M. foetida has a high variability of the fruit shapes. This investigation will help breeders of mangoes for the improvement programs
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    GENETIC DIVERSITY OF INDONESIAN MANGOES (MANGIFERA INDICA L.) USING RAPD MARKERS
    (2014-03-04) Fitmawati; Hartana, Alex; Purwoko, Bambang S
    Mango was introduced to the Caribbean in the XVIIIth century and became a popular garden tree. A regional programme for the inventory and conservation of fruit genetic resources undertaken in the French West Indies allowed the collection of 128 land races of mango in the Guadeloupe archipelago and in Martinique. Labelled accessions were selected according to local names, location and morphology. Microsatellite markers were developed for studying genetic diversity within this sample and within the germplasm bank maintained in Guadeloupe (Cirad) and for detecting duplicates. Nineteen microsatellite markers were selected and used to analyse a total of 307 accessions from India, South-East Asia, Florida, Africa and the Caribbean. Diversity was high within the sample with a total number of 140 alleles displayed. Results demonstrated the presence of duplicates in the germplasm bank and among the collected accessions, helping genetic resources management. Nevertheless, collecting efficiency was satisfactory with 73% of the material displaying distinct genetic profiles. Dissimilarities were calculated and a diversity representation was constructed using Neighbour Joining methodology. Accessions clustered in accordance with their geographical origin and their known history. The collected Caribbean accessions displayed a high variability, but shared some specific alleles and clustered together along with cultivars grown in Central (Mexico) and South America (Colombia) introduced from the South-East Asia, but also with cultivars from former French colonies in the Indian Ocean, indicating two introduction routes of mango to the French West Indies