Browsing by Author "Itnawita, Itnawita"
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Item BIOSINTESIS NANOPARTIKEL PERAK MENGGUNAKAN EKSTRAK DAUN KARET (Hevea brasiliensis) SEBAGAI REDUKTOR DAN KARAKTERISASINYA(Elfitra, 2023-07) Nurhasanah, Yulia Astari; Itnawita, ItnawitaBIOSINTESIS NANOPARTIKEL PERAK MENGGUNAKAN EKSTRAK DAUN KARET (Hevea brasiliensis) SEBAGAI REDUKTOR DAN KARAKTERISASINYAItem EFISIENSI ADSORPSI ARANG AKTIF DARI CANGKANG KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) SEBAGAI ADSORBEN Escherichia coli DENGAN METODE BATCH(Elfitra, 2023-11) Andini, Jumika; Itnawita, Itnawita; Devi, SilveraPalm shell charcoal (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) has the potential to be used as an adsorbent to adsorb Escherichia coli (E. coli), however its adsorption efficiency is relatively small. Therefore, to increase its adsorption efficiency in this study palm shell charcoal will be activated with ZnCl2 to adsorb E. coli with the batch method. The aim of this study was to analyze the concentration of ZnCl2 activator variation palm shell on the adsorb E. coli. Palm shell charcoal is made through a carbonization process at a temperature of 400oC for 2 hour, then crushed at size that that passes 50 mesh and is retained in 100 mesh. Charcoal were activated using zinc chloride (ZnCl2) with the concentration of ZnCl2 activator variation 0.5 M, 1 M, 1.5 M, and 2 M. Surface area, pore volume, along pore radius was analyzed using a surface area analyzer using the BET method. Surface morphology using SEM instrument. Based on the results of the BET obtained surface area of 16.1740 m2/g, a pore radius of 2.1763 nm, and a pore volume of 8.8 × 10-3 cc/g. The optimum adsorption conditions with the batch method were obtained at the optimum concentration of ZnCl2 activator of 1.5 M with an average amount of E. coli adsorbed of 5.13 × 108 cells/mL in 1 g of activated carbon or adsorption efficiency of E. coli of 81.95%.Item EFISIENSI ADSORPSI Escherichia coli MENGGUNAKAN ARANG AKTIF CANGKANG KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) DENGAN METODE KONTINU(Elfitra, 2023-11) Anggraini, Dewi Sri; Itnawita, Itnawita; Devi, SilveraPalm shells (Elaeis gueneensis Jacq.) is one of the materials that can be used as a good raw material for making active charcoal. Active charcoal can be used as an adsorbent for metals, non-metals and organic compounds. In this research, the potential of active charcoal from palm shell was seen from its ability to adsorb Escherichia coli with the continuous method. This study aims to determine the activator concentration and optimum grain size for adsorption of palm shell activated charcoal against E.coli. The activated palm shell charcoal used is charcoal with grain sizes of 30, 50 and 100 mesh. Surface area, pore volume, and pore radius were analyzed using a surface area analyzer with the BET-BJH method. Palm shell charcoal morphology was analyzed using SEM. Based on the results of the BET obtained surface area of 16.174 m2/g, a pore radius of 2.1763 nm, and a pore volume of 8.8 x 10-3 cc/g. The optimum conditions of adsorption were obtained at the optimum grain size of 50 mesh with an average amount of E.coli adsorbed is 9.17 x 108 cells/mL and the E.coli adsorption percentage is 84.67%.Item EFISIENSI PENYERAPAN BUBUK LIMBAH KULIT NANGKA YANG DIMODIFIKASI DENGAN Ca-ALGINAT SEBAGAI ADSORBEN METILEN BIRU(perpustakaan UR, 2021-09) Sepralisa, Ela; Itnawita, ItnawitaRipe jackfruit peel waste from the production of jackfruit chips which is still a lot of waste and has not been used optimally. Jackfruit peel waste has been used as an adsorbent by several researchers and to increase its adsorption ability an activation process was carried out with NaOH and continued with modification using Ca-alginate. This study aims to determine the best surface area of jackfruit peel powder through activation with various concentrations of NaOH and analyze the optimal adsorption efficiency of the modified adsorbent with the parameters of the adsorbent dose and contact time in absorbing methylene blue. Jackfruit peel waste powder was activated using various concentrations of NaOH, namely 0.05 M, 0.1 M, 0.2 M, 0.3 M. Determination of surface area was carried out by measuring with UV-Vis spectrophotometer and obtained non-activated surface area was better than with that which is activated is 43,837 m2.g-1 so that the adsorbent modified with Ca-alginate is a non-activated adsorbent. From the modification of the non-activated adsorbent with Ca-alginate, the optimum dose of modification occurred at a mass of 1.4 g with an adsorption efficiency of 90.04% and the optimum contact time occurred at 90 minutes with an adsorption efficiency of 92.43%. From the results, it can be concluded that NaOH is not suitable for activation of the analyzed jackfruit peel powder samples and the optimal modification absorption efficiency was obtained at 92.43% at a dose of 1.4g with a contact time of 90 minutes.Item OPTIMASI pH DAN KECEPATAN PENGADUKAN PADA PENJERAPAN METHYLENE BLUE MENGGUNAKAN BIOSORBEN BIJI NANGKA TERAKTIVASI HNO3 YANG DIMODIFIKASI DENGAN Ca-ALGINAT(Elfitra, 2022-10) Syahrul, Qawy Siddiqi; Itnawita, ItnawitaJackfruit seed is a biomass from mature jackfruit processing which has not been used optimally, because only a part of people who have used it as food. Some research have been looking for an alternative way to utilize the jackfruit seed, one of them is the biosorbent. The aim of this study were to optimize the stirring speed and pH biosorbents of jackfruit seed powder activated by HNO3 modified Caalginate in absorbing methylene blue dye. Modified jackfruit seed were tested for its adsorption ability through of pH variations and stirring speed with UV-Vis characterization to determine the adsorbance of methylene blue. The functional groups of the modified adsorbent was analyzed using the FTIR instrument. The surface morphology of the modified adsorbent was analyzed with the SEM instrument. The results showed that the optimum pH and stirring speed of modified jackfruit seed in adsorbing methylene blue were 2 and 200 rpm, with an adsorption efficiency of 85,76%.Item OPTIMASI SUHU KARBONISASI DAN WAKTU KONTAK ADSORPSI ARANG TEMPURUNG KELAPA (Cocos nucifera L.) TERHADAP Escherichia coli(Elfitra, 2023-08) Fauziah, Miftahul; Itnawita, Itnawita; Devi, SilveraCoconut shell (Cocos nucifera L.) is one of the materials that can be used as a good raw material for making charcoal. Charcoal can be used as an adsorbent for metals, non-metals, and organic compounds. In this study, the potential of coconut shell charcoal was seen from its ability to adsorb E.coli (Escherichia coli). This study aims to determine the optimum carbonization temperature and contact time of coconut shell charcoal adsorption of E.coli. The coconut shell charcoal used is charcoal with a size that passes 50 mesh and is retained in 100 mesh. Surface area, pore volume, and pore radius were analyzed using a surface area analyzer with the BET-BJH method. Coconut shell charcoal morphology was analyzed using SEM. Based on the results of the BET obtained surface area of 12.8057 m2/g, a pore radius of 1.60979 nm, and a pore volume of 2.5 x 10-3 cc/g. The optimum adsorption conditions were obtained at the optimum carbonization temperature of 500⁰C and optimum contact time of 5 hours with an average amount of E.coli adsorbed of 5.68 x 108 cells/mL and adsorption percentage of E.coli of 71.2%.Item POTENSI BIJI NANGKA TERAKTIVASI HNO3 YANG DIMODIFIKASI DENGAN CA-ALGINAT SEBAGAI ADSORBEN METILEN BIRU(perpustakaan UR, 2021-07) Ulfandri, Dayana; Itnawita, ItnawitaThe seeds of the jackfruit are one part of the jackfruit that is currently underutilized. Because of the high carbohydrate material in the form of cellulose, several research have attempted to employ jackfruit seeds as an adsorbent. In this study, HNO3 activated jackfruit seeds were modified with the addition of Ca-alginate as methylene blue dye adorben to enhance absorption. The percentage of adsorption effectiveness was determined using a UV-Vis Spectrophotometer, functional groups were determined using FTIR, and surface shape and elemental composition were determined using SEMEDX. Based on the research that has been done, it can be seen that the adsorbent of jackfruit seeds modified with Ca-alginate has the potential to remove methylene blue dye in solution at an optimum adsorbent mass of 3 g and a contact time of 90 minutes with an adsorption efficiency of 97.18%. The results of the FTIR analysis showed an absorption in the fingerprint area of 843 cm-1 which was thought to be a mannuronic acid derived from alginate and a change in the weight fraction of the elements after absorption as measured by SEM-EDX.Item POTENSI BIJI NANGKA TERKATIVASI HCL DIMODIFIKASI DENGAN Ca-ALGINAT SEBAGAI ADSORBEN METILEN BLUE(Elfitra, 2022-10) Purba, Aris Sahat Martuah; Itnawita, ItnawitaThis study aims to determine the surface area of the best jackfruit seed powder through activation with various concentrations of HCl (0.1 M, 0.2 M, 0.3 M and 0.4 M) and analyze the optimal adsorption efficiency of adsorbents that have been modified with Caalginate on the parameters of adsorbent mass and contact time in absorbing methylene blue. The modified adsorbent before and after contact was analyzed using SEM and FTIR instruments. Determination of the surface area was carried out by measuring with UVVis spectrophotometer and obtained the best surface area of HCl activated adsorbent at a concentration of 0.3 M with a surface area obtained of 8.3359 m 2 .g-1, then the adsorbent modified with Ca-alginate is activated adsorbent of 0.3 M HCl. From the modified adsorbent activated with Ca-alginate, the optimum dose of modification occurs at a mass of 3 g with an adsorption efficiency of 74.78% and time optimum contact occurred at 90 minutes with adsorption efficiency of 78.63%. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the adsorbent of jackfruit seeds activated by HCl modified with Caalginate has the potential to adsorb methylene blue.Item POTENSI BUBUK DAN ARANG BIJI NANGKA TERAKTIVASI ASAM NITRAT (HNO3) SEBAGAI ADSORBEN UNTUK PENJERAPAN ZAT WARNA CRYSTAL VIOLET(Elfitra, 2022-08) Ariestiya, Hasri; Itnawita, ItnawitaThe aim of this study was to analyze the adsorption efficiency of activated jackfruit seeds powder and carbon to remove crystal violet in solution. Jackfruit seeds carbon made by carbonization at 400℃ for 3 hour. Jackfruit seed powder and carbon were activated with 0.3 M nitric acid (HNO3) with adsorption efficiency tested by varying the adsorbent doses (0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 and 0.9 g) and optimum contact times (30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 and 210 minutes) which were analyzed using a UV-Vis Spectrophotometer instrument. The adsorbent samples were also characterized for their surface morphology using SEM instruments and functional group determination analysis using FTIR instruments. The results showed that the adsorption efficiency of HNO3 activated jackfruit seed powder to remove crystal violet was achieved at a dose of 0.7 g and a contact time of 90 minutes with an efficiency of 97.50%, while the jackfruit seed carbon was at a dose of 0.5 g and a contact time of 180 minutes with an efficiency of 60.08%. Based on the research that has been done, it can be seen that activated jackfruit seeds powder have the better potential and effectiveness to remove crystal violet dye in solution than activated jackfruit seeds carbon.Item POTENSI BUBUK DAN ARANG BIJI NANGKA TERAKTIVASI ASAM NITRAT (HNO3) SEBAGAI ADSORBEN ZAT WARNA RHODAMIN B(Elfitra, 2022-09) Nazifa, Aulia Tarra; Itnawita, ItnawitaThe potential of jackfruit seeds both in powder form and carbon form activated with HNO3 in adsorption of Rhodamine B from aqueous solution was studied. The synthesized jackfruit seeds were prepared at size that passed at 100 mesh and retained at 200 mesh, for carbon form were carbonized at 400o C for 3 h and the jackfruit seed in powder form and carbon form were activated with HNO3 0,3 M. Surface area of adsorbent was analyzed through methylene blue adsorption tests based on SNI No. 06-3730-1995. Adsorbents were characterized using SEM for surface morphology analysis and FTIR spectroscopy for functional group analysis. Effects of parameters such as dosage of adsorbent and contact time were evaluated and optimized. Based on this study, it was obtained that the activation process was increased the surface area of adsorbent for jackfruit seed powder from 7.8586 m2/g to 8.3862 m2/g and decreased the surface area for jackfruit seed carbon from 4.9015 m2/g to 2.8491 m2/g. The optimum adsorption was achieved for jackfruit seed powder activated HNO3 at 0.9 grams optimum dose of adsorbent and optimum of contact time for 150 minutes, the optimum adsorption efficiency of about 96.53%.Item POTENSI BUBUK DAN ARANG BIJI NANGKA TERAKTIVSI ASAM NITRAT (HNO3) UNTUK PENJERAPAN ZAT WARNA INDIGO CARMINE(Elfitra, 2022-10) Trisnawati, Nita; Itnawita, ItnawitaJackfruit is a plant that can thrive in tropical climates. Generally the part of the jackfruit plant that is often used is the fruit, while the seeds of the jackfruit are often wasted. Several studies have tried to find solutions to utilize ripe jackfruit seeds that have not been utilized optimally, one of which is used as an adsorbent. The purpose of this study is to analyze the variation of dose and optimum contact time on the adsorption of indigo carmine dye by HNO3 activated jackfruit seed powder and charcoal. Spechtrofotometer used to analyze the indigo carmine before and after adsorption. The adsorbent functional groups were characterized using FTIR and the surface morphology was characterized using SEM. The results of this research showed that the optimum conditions for adsorption of HNO3 activated jackfruit seed powder and activated carbon on Indigo Carmine dye occurred at a dose of 0.4 g and a contact time of 120 minutes with efficiency values of 75.57% and 71.06%. Based on the results of the FTIR test, it was found that the jackfruit seed powder contained –OH, N-H, C-H and C=O groups, while the jackfruit seed charcoal did not contain –OH. Based on the results of the SEM test, it was found that the powder and charcoal of jackfruit seeds after activation had more open pores than powder and charcoal before activation. After adsorption, the pores were covered by indigo carmine dye which indicated that the adsorption was working optimally. The result showed that HNO3 activated jackfruit seed powder is more effective at absorbing indigo carmine dye than jackfruit seed charcoal.Item SELEKSI 16 ISOLAT BAKTERI ENDOFIT PENGHASIL SELULASE DARI AKAR MANGROVE Bruguiera sp(2021-01) Sari, Raja Putri Indah; Devi, Silvera; Itnawita, ItnawitaCellulase enzymes are enzymes that have many benefits both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, this enzyme is used as a biocatalyst for certain reactions in industry, while in vivo it can be used to convert cellulose waste into products of economic value. In this study, 16 isolates were selected from 47 endophytic bacterial isolates from the mangrove roots of Bruguiera sp, which are a collection of the Biochemistry Laboratory of FMIPA UNRI. The selection was carried out in selective solid media containing 1% carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC). The results of the selection of 16 endophytic bacteria from mangrove roots Bruguiera sp in 1% selective medium CMC obtained 15 live isolates because they were able to produce extracellular cellulase enzymes and 1 non-living isolate.Item SELEKSI 24 ISOLAT BAKTERI ENDOFIT SEBAGAI PENGHASIL SELULASE DARI AKAR MANGROVE Ceriops tagal (Perr) C. B. Rob(2020-01) Syari, Alfika; Devi, Silvera; Itnawita, ItnawitaEndophytic bacteria from mangroves have the potential to produce cellulase enzymes. The application of cellulase enzymes in vivo and in vitro is relatively large, so that research to obtain isolates capable of producing cellulase enzymes with high activity is still ongoing. Collection of 48 isolates from local strains of mangrove roots Ceriops tagal (Perr) C. B. Rob. (C. tagal) by Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Riau (FMIPA UNRI) its potential to produce cellulase is unknown. In this study, only 24 isolates were selected from 48 isolates qualitatively using Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) 1% selective solid media. The selection results showed that 22 other isolates were alive because they were able to produce extracellular cellulase enzymes and only 2 isolates could not live.Item SELEKSI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS SELULASE ISOLAT BAKTERI ENDOFIT LBKURCC 364 s/d 391 DARI AKAR MANGROVE KABUPATEN BENGKALIS(Elfitra, 2022-04) Haryani, Lia; Devi, Silvera; Itnawita, ItnawitaThe Laboratory of Enzyme, Fermentation and Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Riau University has a collection of endophytic bacterial isolates from Mangrove roots in Sei Pakning Jetty and Tenggayun Beach, Bengkalis Regency, Riau. This isolate is thought to have the potential to produce an area of enzyme, therefore this study aimed to select 28 isolates of cellulase-producing bacteria using 1% CMC selective solid media, while for the production of cellulase enzymes in liquid media. Testing of cellulase enzyme activity was carried out using the 3,5-Di Nitro Salissilic Acid (DNS) method. The enzyme activity data obtained were then tested statistically using the Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMNRT) method at a significance level of 5% and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results of the selection of 28 isolates of endophytic bacteria from the roots of the Bengkalis Regency on 1% CMC selective solid media obtained 26 isolates that were alive because they produced cellulase enzymes and 2 were dead. The highest cellulase activity of the 13 crude extracts tested was LBKURCC388 isolate (487±105) x 10-4 U/mL mangrove species Bruguiera sp. which is in cluster 1, and the lowest activity is isolate LBKURCC365 mangrove plant species Ceriops tagal (Perr.) C.B. Rob. with an activity value of (72±39) x 10-4 U/mL in the 4th cluster.Item SELEKSI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS SELULASE ISOLAT BAKTERI ENDOFIT LBKURCC 392 s/d 418 DARI AKAR MANGROVE KABUPATEN BENGKALIS(Elfitra, 2022-04) Prananda, Shyntia Sukma; Devi, Silvera; Itnawita, ItnawitaEndophytic bacteria from mangrove roots have the potential to produce cellulase enzymes. In this study, 27 isolates of endophytic bacteria from mangrove roots were selected from the collection of the Enzyme, Fermentation and Biomolecular Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, FMIPA UNRI. The selection was carried out on selective solid media of carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC) 1%, while the crude extract enzyme activity was determined by the 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method. The results of the selection of 27 isolates of endophytic bacteria from the Magrove roots of Bengkalis Regency on 1% CMC selective solid media obtained 22 live isolates because they were able to produce the cellulase enzyme and 5 isolates not alive. Statistical analysis with DNMRT at a significance level of 5% and PCA with the highest activity in the plant species Ceriops tagal (Perr.) C.B. Rob (LBKURCC 409) is (489 ±137) x 10-4 U/mL in 1st cluster and the lowest activity was in plant species Bruguiera sp. (LBKURCC 393) with an activity value of (28 ±17) x 10-4 U/mL in the 4th cluster.