Browsing by Author "Malik, Usman"
Now showing 1 - 17 of 17
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item ALTERNATIF PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH INDUSTRI PENGOLAHAN KAYU SEBAGAI ARANG BRIKET(2014-03-27) Malik, UsmanLimbah yang dimaksud disini adalah hasil samping yang terbentuk dari kegiatan bahan biomassa kayu atau berserat ligno-selulosa, suatu bahan baku yang belum termanfaatkan . Untuk kasus ini dibatasi pada industri pengolahan kayu. Adanya limbah dimaksud menimbulkan masalah penanganannya yang selama ini dibiarkan membusuk, ditumpuk dan dibakar yang kesemuanya berdampak negatif terhadap lingkungan sehingga penanggulangannya perlu dipikirkan. Salah satu jalan yang dapat ditempuh adalah memanfaatkannya menjadi produk yang bernilai tambah dengan teknologi aplikatif dan kerakyatan sehingga hasilnya mudah disosialisasikan kepada masyarakat. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan beberapa hal berprospek positif sebagai contoh teknologi aplikatif dimaksud dapat diterapkan secara memuaskan dalam mengkonversi limbah industri pengolahan kayu menjadi arang serbuk, briket arang, arang aktif, arang kompos dan soil conditioning. Penerapan teknologi aplikatif dan kerakyatan ini dapat dikembangkan menjadi skala besar (pilot dan komersial) baik secara teknis maupun ekonomis. Lebih lanjut keberhasilan pemanfaatan limbah dapat memberi manfaat antara lain dari segi kehutanan dan industri kayu dapat mengurangi ketergantungan terhadap bahan baku konvensional (kayu) sehingga mengurangi laju penebangan/kerusakan hutan dan mengoptimalkan pemakaian kayu serta menghemat pengeluaran bulanan keluarga dan meningkatkan kesuburan tanah. Namun demikian mengubah pola kebiasaan masyarakat tidak mudah, diperlukan proses yang panjang.Item APLIKASI METODE GEOLISTRIK DIPOLE-DIPOLE DAN GEOKIMIA DALAM PENENTUAN REMBESAN LINDI PADA LAPISAN TANAH DI SEKITAR TPA MUARA FAJAR PEKANBARU(2021-03) Hutagalung, Aldianti Rizki Musdalifah; Malik, UsmanLeachate is the result of degradation of filter, especially in location where the final management (TPA) can seep into the soil to contaminate groundwater sources. This research has been conducted geoelectric resistivity measurement to identify the presence of leachate seepage and spread around the landfill. Research conducted around TPA Muara Fajar Pekanbaru using Dipole-Dipole configuration on two tracks with a track length of 133 meters and 100 meters. The measurement data is then inverted using Res2Dinv software to produce a 2D resistivity profile. The analysis results show on line 1 there is leachate distribution at a depth of 8.86 meters, whereas on line 2 there is no leachate distribution. In addition, the leachate sample test results using the geochemical method showed that the leachate at TPA Muara Fajar Pekanbaru did not meet the leachate quality standard. The results of the sample test for the quality of well water from residents around the TPA are still in accordance with the quality of clean water, because leachate seepage has not reached the residential area.Item EFEK ADITIF Bi2O3 TERHADAP MIKROSTRUKTUR DAN KOEFISIEN NON LINEAR VARISTOR ZnO.(2014-03-27) Tambunan, Walfred; Malik, UsmanThe varistor ZnO has been made by using raw materials: ZnO (E-Merck) and additive 0 %, 2.5 %, 5%, 7.5%, and 10% wt. Bi2O3. The important property of varistor ZnO is coefficient of non linier () and it can give influence correlation between current I and voltage V. The mixing process of raw materials was done by using magnetic stirrer and liquid acetone as media, and then was dried at 60oC, and also grinded until passing 400 meshes. Pellet was made by using pressing 50 MPa, and fired at 1050oC with holding time 2 hours. After firing, all samples are characterized, such as: measurement of coefficient of non linier (), and observation of microstructure by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The results show that sample without additive has less than 5 and this sample has not properties as varistor, but the highest value of is 64 for sample with additive 7.5% Bi2O3. The result of photos SEM shows that the increase of percentage of additive Bi2O3 can influence of formation grain boundary and grain size. Where, value of coefficient of non linier () is depend on existing of grain boundary and thickness of grain boundary.Item EFEK SUHU TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN BESARAN BUTIRAN ARANG KARBON TEMPURUNG KELAPA SAWIT(2014-03-27) Malik, UsmanResearch has been carried out using x-ray diffraction analysis and analysis of Atomic Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDAX) on a sample of oil palm shell carbon. X-ray diffraction spectrum of a sample of oil palm shell carbon has an amorphous structure with two peaks in the energy intensity of 639 AU and 232 AU (Arbitari Unit). The elements contained in the oil palm shell carbon containing elements other than carbon C amounted to 98.48% of other elements that are also contained 0.71% Si silicon. EDAX analysis of the percentage obtained on the building blocks of atomic carbon C is approximately 99.69% and 0.31% Si silicon. SEM analysis obtained by cross-sectional shape is irregular, so it can be concluded that oil palm shell carbon is amorphous, and visible changes in the peak position, width and height of the temperature difference diffractogram to the formation of massive carbon charcoal granules.Item IDENTIFIKASI REMBESAN LIMBAH CAIR DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE GEOLISTRIK RESISTIVITAS KONFIGURASI WENNER STUDI KASUS TPA MUARA FAJAR(2021-08) Alfiya, Destri; Malik, UsmanThe final disposal site is one of the landfill sites in the city of Pekanbaru. This final disposal site is equipped with a leachate pond. In this area it is suspected that there is leachate seepage which is a waste pollutant that can contaminate the soil around the final disposal site. The final disposal of Muara Fajar is a regional waste landfill located in Muara Fajar village, Rumbai district, Pekanbaru city which uses an open dumping system. This study aims to determine the direction of seepage leachate around Landfill Muara Fajar using the geoelectric resistivity method with the Wenner configuration and determining the quality of the leachate using several parameters. The process was continued with infers using Res2dinv Softwere.The measurement result on track 1 produces a resistivity value range ranging from 1,01 ohm meter to 32,3 ohm meter and track 2 ranging from 0,0248 to 1,13 ohm meter. To determine the quality of leachate, 3 sample points were used, namely leachate water, river water near the leachate disposal, and resident well water. This sample samples are tasted with Parameters such as pH, Fe, Pb.Item KARAKTERISTIK MORTAR PADA LIMBAH ABU KELAPA SAWIT(2013-07-05) Febriani, Riski; Malik, Usman; Surbakti, AntoniusThe effect of oil palm ash on strong press and water rates in the mortar has been investigated. The characteristics of oil palm ash mortar materials were analyzed physically and mechanically. The oil palm ash on the mortar consists of some variations of compositions, 0%, 7%, 14%, 21%, 28% and 35% from weight of cement, with a cubeshape test object size of 5 × 5 × 5 cm, done at test object for 28 days, the tool used in the compressive strength mortar testing is Material Equipment Testing (MET). Based on the results obtained, the highest hardness values is 3,15 × 107 N/m2 with palm ash variation 0% and 2,33 × 107 N/m2 the lowest hardness value with 35% ash variations. The highest water rate in normal mortar (0% oil palm ash) is 5,72% and at variation of compositions 7% to 35%, the water rates are 6,36% - 12,62%. The result of mortar hardness measured decreased while the water rate increased with the addition of palm ash.Item MENENTUKAN EFISIENSI MASKER TERBAIK UNTUK PENYARING UDARA(perpustakaan UR, 2021-07) Azila, Nur; Malik, Usman; Juandi, JuandiThe use of the mask is one of the most effective efforts to prevent the spread of dangerous viruses such as Covid-19. The masks themselves have many types, one of which is a medical mask, this mask uses a filter that can prevent harmful substances in the air. Masks have a type that can protect depending on the level of danger from exposure to hazardous particles in the air. This research was conducted using an experimental method in which the process of measuring the penetration power of particles with variations in distance and variations in the source power (lamp) using a lux meter with the steps (1) Preparation of the tool. (2) Pipe connection. (3) Installation of the LED light. (4) Installation of samples (masks). (5) Measurement of light intensity. (6) Data analysis. The result of the research carried out has obtained superior masks from 5 variations of masks that have been tested, namely filtered cloth masks which have an intensity value of 0 and there is no increaseItem MENENTUKAN NILAI REFLEKTAN DAN SALINITAS DI PERAIRAN SELAT MALAKA MENGGUNAKAN DATA LIPUTAN CITRA SATELIT FY-1D(2014-03-27) Syech, Riad; Malik, UsmanPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan nilai refelektan dan salinitas menggunakan metodologi interpretasi data digital . Pengolahan citranya menggunakan program Ermapper versi 5.5 dan arc view. Data yang digunakan adalah citra satelit FY_ID di perairan Selat Malaka yang sudah terkorekasi secara geometrik dan radiometrik pada bulan Juli 2011 sampai bulan September 2011 . Hasil penelitian nilai reflektan dan salinitas yang tertinggi terjadi pada tanggal 11 Agustus 2011 yakni 0,45 % dan nilai reflektan dan salinitas terendah terjadi pada tangal 24 september 2011 yakni 0,07 %.Item MODEL MATEMATIKA UNTUK PREDIKSI PELEMAHAN INTENSITAS PARTIKEL OLEH MASKER BEDAH DENGAN VARIASI JARAK DAN INTENSITAS CAHAYA(perpustakaan UR, 2021-07) Malik, Usman; Juandi, Juandi; Fatiha, Nunuk NurPollution from motor vehicles, factory smoke, cigarettes and dust can affect lung performance and increase the risk of developing respiratory diseases such as asthma, heart disease, and premature birth. The use of masks is part of a series preventive and control measurements that can limit the spread of certain respiratory viral diseases including covid- 19.This research was conducted using an experimental method in which the process of measuring the value of the penetrating power of masks with distance variation and light intensity using a lux meter with the stages of equipment preparation, mask installation, installation of LED, lights for measuring light intensity, connecting pipes and analyzing data.The results showed the attenuation of particle intensity on surgical masks with variations in distance that occurred at a distance of 200 cm. The farther the irradiation distance, the value of the light intensity decreases and weakens. The attenuation of particle intensity on surgical masks with variations in light intensity occurred in studies with 9 Watt lighting power. The smaller the lighting power, the smaller the intensity valueItem PEMBUATAN ALAT PENGERING SURYA TIPE KABINET BERPENUTUP KACA DAN PLASTIK TRANSPARAN(2016-02-04) Nurhaili; Ginting, Maksi; Malik, UsmanThe fabrication of solar dryers for agricultural products such as cassava and bananas has been stadied. A tool created has two variations, namely a cover glass and a plastic cover. Collectors used are flat plate and its constituent components other form of protective box lid askew. Drying is carried out from 09.00 am to 13.00 pm in the interval of one hour and three times the turnover of materials. The results show when the drying chamber is empty, the highest temperature is 750C for tray 1 and the lowest temperature is 33.500C for tray 3. The method is continued refueling cassava and bananas by slicing material with a thickness of 2 mm placed the above tray and dried, then it is measured at wet and dry mass from beginning until finishing. The lowest wet mass is 144.93 g of cassava material contained in the tray 1 with water content of 4.11%, and 170.76 g banana on the tray 1 with water content of 4.38%. The brightness index value is 31.20% to 38.96%.Item PENELITIAN BERBAGAI JENIS KAYU LIMBAH PENGOLAHAN UNTUK PEMILIHAN BAHAN BAKU BRIKET ARANG(2014-03-27) Malik, UsmanThe waste of timber industry can be utilized to produce some valuable products. A research had been conducted to study such possibility. The research was to study the conversion of wood into charcoal briquetting using adhesive or heating process. Result showed that the heating value of charcoal briquetting made from kempas wood (koompassia malaccensis maing), meranti (shorea spp.) and pulai (alstonia spp) increases significantly compared to that of raw material. The product made from kempas wood (koompassia malaccensis maing.) was formed to have the highest energy per cc (density) followed by those of made of meranti (shorea spp.), ramin (gonystylus bancanus kurz.). However, raw material availability must be consideret in establishing charcoal briquetting industryItem Penentuan Nilai Suseptibilitas Magnetik Pasir Besi Pantai Pariaman Sumatra Barat Dengan Menggunakan Magnetic Probe Pasco 2126(2015-10-26) Erwin; Malik, Usman; Fahmi, AmrilMeasurement of magnetic properties especially magnetic degree and susceptibility of iron sand along Pariaman Beach ,West Sumatra such as Arta, Gandoriah, Kata, Nareh, and Tiku beach has been done. Total magnetic induction of the concentrate was measured using Pasco magnetic probe PS-2126. The results show that the value of magnetic degree of the samples varies in the range of 3,07 to 10,98 %. This variation reflects the different process in the formation of the iron sand and is related to the topology of the beach. The value of magnetic susceptibility of the concentrate varies from 4,97 x 10-4 m3/kg to 6,34 x 10-4 m3/kg. The highest and lowest value of magnetic susceptibility is originated from Kata and Nareh beach that are 6,34 x 10-4 m3/kg and 4,97 x 10-4 m3/kg respectively. These values are in the range of magnetic susceptibility of magnetic particles of Fe3O4.Item PENENTUAN STRUKTUR KRISTAL LAPISAN TIPIS CHROMIUM DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN BANTUAN KOMPUTER(2014-05-22) Erwin; Arafat, Yaser; Dewi, Rahmi; Syech, Riad; Malik, Usman; SugiantoTelah dilakukan penelitian tentang struktur kristalCr dengan menggunakan metode difraksi elektron. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah lapisan tipis Cr yang dibuat dengan menggunakn teknik Sputtering. Pola difraksi elektron dari sampel diperoleh dengan menggunakan Transmssion Electron Microscopy (TEM). Untuk melakukan penentuan struktur kristal ini maka telah dibuat sebuah program komputer dengan menggunakanMatlab (R2009b). Program tersebut terdiri dari program menu dan program utama. Program menu digunakan untuk menginput data yang selanjutnya akan digunakan oleh program utama untuk melakukan perhitungan jarak antar bidang dalam kristal dan parameter kisi (ao). Dari hasil perhitungan ini diperoleh bahwa struktur kristalCr adalah Body Centered Cubic (BCC) dengan bidang 110, 200, 211, 220, dan 310. Jarak antar bidang dalam kristal Cr adalah 4,84 Å, 3,42 Å, 2,78 Å, 2,38 Å dan 2,14 Å. Kristal Cr memiliki nilai parameter kisi (ao) hampir sama yaitu 6,7424 Å sampai 6,8478 Å. Indek reliabilitas dalam penelitian ini adalah 2,57 %. Nilai ini menunjukkan bahwa hasil yang diperoleh sesuai dengan yang diharapkanItem Prediksi Transfer Panas Radiasi Terahertz Dalam Jaringan Biologi Menggunakan Metode Komputer Analog(2015-12-28) Malik, Usman; Hamdi, MuhamadSpektrum radiasi THz berada diantara range spektrum elektromagnetik mikrowave dan infrared, dan ia memberikan sifat masing-masing spektrum. Penggunaan radiasi ini untuk menyelidiki perubahan medan elektromagnetik disertai kenaikan pengaturan panas disebabkan penyerapan regim medan radiasi THz dalam sel jaringan. Kejadian ini menggambarkan masalah tingkah laku dinamik dari transfer panas radiasinya dalam jaringan yang mana diturunkan menggunakan persamaan konduksi biopanas yang dimodifikasi untuk foton-foton radiasi. Rancangan dan pemecahannya menggunakan metode komputer analog untuk memprediksi model distribusi temperatur jaringan sebagai fungsi posisi pada keadaan stedi dan sebagai fungsi waktu selama keadaan transien. Uji pemodelan menerapkan sub panjang gelombang millimeter THz dalam range dari 0.1 mm sampai 30 mm. Hasil dibandingkan terhadap metode numerik lainnya dalam range dekat ke infrared jauh untuk kajian tingkah laku penyerapan radiasi dalam jaringan dan aspek-aspek parameter panasnya. Hasil menunjukkan untuk keseluruhan adalah hampir mendekati. Parameterr model diperoleh diantara data pemodelan dan ekperimen cukup akurat dengan ketidakpastian atau penyebaran kesalahan 0.08 persen.Item Sensor Planar Induktif Berbasis Bahan PCB FR-4 Untuk Pengukuran Jarak Kecil(2015-10-26) Malik, Usman; Setiadi, Rahmondia N; Umar, LazuardiSensor koil datar berbahan PCB FR4 telah didesain sebagai sensor induktif untuk pengukuran jarak kecil. Sensor didesain dan dicetak mempergunakan bahan printed circuit board(PCB) jenis FR4 yang merupakan bahan glass-reinforced epoxy laminate sheets dengan ketebalan lapisan 35μm. Perubahan induktansi akibat variasi jarak kecil dideteksi menggunakan osilator LC pada frekuensi 1-2MHz dan rangkaian beda fasa akan mengubah frekuensi menjadi tegangan keluaran dengan jangkauan pengukuran maksimum adalah 15mm dan resolusi sebesar 0,01mm. Pengaruh suhu diamati dengan mengkarakterisasi sensor pada suhu yang berbeda yaitu mulai suhu 20°C sampai dengan 60°C. Untuk mengakomodir perubahan suhu yang mempengaruhi kualitas pengukuran maka telah dikembangkan model koreksi dengan memasukkan nilai suhu pada saat pengukuran dalam persamaan umum model sensor sehingga perubahan ini dapat dieliminir untuk mengkoreksi perubahan nilai pengukuran pada aplikasi sensor.Item Sensor Planar Induktif Berbasis Bahan PCB FR-4 Untuk Pengukuran Jarak Kecil(2015-12-17) Malik, Usman; Setiadi, Rahmondia N; Umar, LazuardiSensor koil datar berbahan PCB FR4 telah didesain sebagai sensor induktif untuk pengukuran jarak kecil. Sensor didesain dan dicetak mempergunakan bahan printed circuit board(PCB) jenis FR4 yang merupakan bahan glass-reinforced epoxy laminate sheets dengan ketebalan lapisan 35μm. Perubahan induktansi akibat variasi jarak kecil dideteksi menggunakan osilator LC pada frekuensi 1-2MHz dan rangkaian beda fasa akan mengubah frekuensi menjadi tegangan keluaran dengan jangkauan pengukuran maksimum adalah 15mm dan resolusi sebesar 0,01mm. Pengaruh suhu diamati dengan mengkarakterisasi sensor pada suhu yang berbeda yaitu mulai suhu 20°C sampai dengan 60°C. Untuk mengakomodir perubahan suhu yang mempengaruhi kualitas pengukuran maka telah dikembangkan model koreksi dengan memasukkan nilai suhu pada saat pengukuran dalam persamaan umum model sensor sehingga perubahan ini dapat dieliminir untuk mengkoreksi perubahan nilai pengukuran pada aplikasi sensorItem STUDI INTRUSI AIR LAUT DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE RESISTIVITAS KONFIGURASI DIPOLE-DIPOLE DI KELURAHAN TANJUNG KAPAL KECAMATAN RUPAT BENGKALIS(Elfitra, 2022-07) Putias, Sofia; Malik, UsmanThe detection of seawater intrusion using the electrical resistivity method of dipoledipole configuration has been in vertigated. The research was conducted in Tanjung Kapal Village, Rupat District, Bengkalis Regency, Riau Province. Data were collected using a resistivitimeter, Dipole-Dipole configuration. The data obtained are current data (I) and potential difference (V). Data processing is carried out using the Res2dinv software, the result of which is a 2D subsurface resistivity image. The rock resistivity values on track I (distance ± 1.5km from the beach) ranged from 3.30 m – 1330 m, on track II (distance ± 700 m from the beach) ranged from 1.07 m – 2595 m. The results on track 1 show that there is a little intrusion by seawater. The results on track 2 show that there is a fairly extensive seawater intrusion and affects groundwater as a source of clean water for the community. This can be seen after testing water samples to the ESDM Laboratory. For pH (8.22 in line1) and (7.5 in track 2), Temperature (29.0 in track 1) (26.0 in track 2) oC, Conductivity (2.88 in track 1) (9 ,7 in lane 2) Mhos/cm, TDS (2168 in lane 1) (2248 in lane 2) Mg/L, TSS (4690 in lane 1) (4284 in lane 2) Mg/L, salinity (0.14 in lane 2) lane 1) (0.54 on track 2) %, turbidity (195 on track 1) (204 on track 2) NTU, Color (556.7 on track 1) (268.2 on track 2)