Browsing by Author "Windarti"
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Item Cover Dan Daftar Isi(2016-08-28) Hutauruk, Ronald Mangasi; WindartiItem Histological Structure of Gill, Kidney and Liver of Ompok hypopthalmus Captured in The Upstream and downstream of The Siak River, Riau(2016-04-02) Windarti; Putra, Ridwan Manda; Ardiansyah, MuhammadOmpok hypopthalmus (Siluridae) is commonly inhabit the Siak River. This river is relatively polluted as there are human activities present in the riverside along the river and the pollutant produced flown to the river. Due to pullutant accumulation, water quality in the downstream of the river may be worse than that of the upstream. As water quality affects the health status of fish, the health condition of fish living in the upstream and downstream of the river might be different and it may be reflected in the histological structure of main organs of the fish. To understand the difference of histological structure of the gill, kidney and liver of O. hypopthalmus, a study has been conducted. Fish samples were captured from the upstream and downstream of the river. Gill, kidney and liver tissue was processed for histological study (formalin fixed, alcohol series processed and HE stained). Results indicate that the histological structure of the fish from both sampling areas showing abnormality symptoms. In the gill tissue of fish from both areas, most of secondary lamella are fused and abnormality symptoms such as hyperplasia, hypertrophy and necrosis are present. In the kidney and liver tissues, there are hemorrhage, mineralization and cell degeneration. The kidney and liver of fish from the downstream shown more mineralization spots than that of the upstream. These data suggested that the fish living in the upstream and downstream of the Siak River have been exposed to relatively polluted water that negatively affects their health in generalItem Hubungan antara jumlah dan pola lingkaran pertumbuhan pada otolith dan ruas tulang punggung ikan tambakan {Helostoma temincki) dari Waduk PLTA Koto Panjang(2012-12-09) Windartl; WindartiGrowth rmgs present in the otolith is commonly used to understand the age and life history of fish. Growth rings itself, however, are also formed in the massive structure such as vertebrae. As there is no information on the use of the vertebrae growth rings for studying the age and life history of fish, a study aims to understand the relationship between number and pattern of growth rings in the otolith and vertebrae of Helostoma temmincki is conducted. Forty five fishes were sampled in the Koto Panjang Dam. Their otolith and 2™* and 3^'^ vertebrae were removed and then shaved in the Terpadu laboratory. Fishery and marine Science Faculty, Riau University Pekanbaru. Number and form/ pattern of growth rings were then counted and determined. Results shown that the number of rings in the otolith and vertebrae is similar, ranges from 2 - 7 . The form of the rings, however, is different. Ring in the otolith is relatively thin, while rings in the vertebrae is relatively dark and thick. The growth ring in the vertebrae may be used as a tool to predict the growth pattern of fish.Item IDENTIFIKASI PARASIT Clinostomum sp. (TREMATODA) PADA IKAN SEPAT (Trichogaster trichopterus) DENGAN SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE(2013-05-30) Riauwaty, Morina; WindartiA study on identification of Clinostomum infections in Trichogaster trichopterus in Pekanbaru has been conducted on August to October 2011. This study aims to understand the topography of Clinostomum in Trichogaster trichopterus. Excysted Clinostomum sp. was found in cavity organ were aseptically taken using needle, preserved in absolute ethanol. Morphological examination was done with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Result shown that topography of the tegument of Clinostomum sp. metacercariae infections in Trichogaster trichopterus in Pekanbaru indicated different structure in individual surface. Oral sucker located at the subterminal end, ellips and was surrounded by fine surface pucker. The ventral sucker was close to oral sucker toward anterior area, and had round sensory papillae without spinae. The body surface was concave without spinae and was completed with round papillae. Round and pucker-surrounded excretory pore appeared at the posterior terminal. Results of Scanning Electron Microscopy indicates that Clinostomum sp. identified in this study was similar to Clinostomum cutaneum.Item ISTRIBUSI SEL MUKUS ESOFAGUS IKAN BUNTAL Tetraodontidae DARI PERAIRAN LAUT DAN PAYAU(2013-03-04) Hidayatullah, S; Yusfiati; WindartiPuffer fish Tetraodon nigroviridis is able to live in the brackish and sea water. Sutarman in Purbomartono (2004) stated that the salinity difference affects the number of goblet and mucous cells in the esophagus wall tissue layer. To understand the microscopic structure differences of esophagus cell layers of fish from brackish and saline waters, a study has been conducted in February–August 2012. Fish samples were collected from the Sei Pakning River (brackish water) and Bengkalis sea, Riau. The fish’s esophagus was formalin preserved, alcohol series processed, HE and PAS stained. The type of cells in the esophagus wall layer, the number of mucous cells and mucous cell area were investigated. Results shown that the esophagus wall of fish from brackish and sea water consist of 4 tissue layers. There is similarity in the 1st, 2nd and 4th layers, as they are consisted of mucous layer, sub- mucosa and serous layers respectively. The 3rd layer, however, is different. There is a single layer of circular muscle in the brackish fish, but there are a longitudinal muscle layer in the internal part and a circular muscle layer in the external part of the esophagus wall of the sea fish. The average of mucous cell area ranges from 0.00043- 0.00046 mm2. The number of mucous cells in the brackish fish is 293 cells/mm2 (19,17% of total area) , while that of the sea fish is 706 cells/ mm 2 (37,16% of total area). The difference of the number and area of the mucous cells may represent the adaptation effort of the fish toward environmental condition.Item KAJIAN AKTIFITAS CACING TANAH PADA LAHAN RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU (RTH) DALAM KAMPUS UNIVERSITAS RIAU, PEKANBARU BERDASARKAN PRODUKSI KASCING(2014-03-28) Harjoyudanto, Yudho; Muhammad, Ahmad; WindartiThe objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of ground cover vegetation types and precipitation on earthworm activity and to assess the earthworm contribution to soil porosity in green open spaces (“RTH”) at the campus of Riau University. Four different cover vegetation types were examined: grass, shrubs, single tree and compound trees. This study was conducted from March-May 2013. Twenty observation plots of 1 m x 1 m were randomly selected to represent each cover vegetation type. The cast productions was observed every 5 days within 50 consecutive days. Precipitation data of the same period was obtained from the Meteorological Office of Pekanbaru City. The environmental condition in each plot was characterized based on four parameters: the ground cover vegetation, root mass, soil bulk density, and soil pH. Chemical analysis was carried out to determine C-organic, total N, P, and K as well as P-available contents of soil and cast samples. Texture analysis was also performed on soil and cast samples. The results showed that cover vegetation type and precipitation significantly influenced earthworm activity (P<0.05) as indicated by the amount of cast produced. Casts had significantly higher content of C-organic, total N, P, and K as well as P-available compared to soil (P<0.05). Casts also had smaller sand fraction but higher clay fraction than soil. In conclusion, the most active earthworms, thus also enhancing soil porosity the most, were found under shrubs while the least active were found under grass as reflected in cast production level.Item KELIMPAHAN DAN BIOMASSA CACING TANAH PADA LAHAN RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU (RTH) DALAM KAMPUS UNIVERSITAS RIAU, PEKANBARU(2014-03-28) Sugianto; Muhammad, Ahmad; WindartiThe campus of Riau University is one of the most important green open spaces (“RTH”) in Pekanbaru. There are four different cover vegetation types in the campus:grass, shrub, single tree and trees. The purposes of this study were to examine the effect of different cover vegetation types on earthworm abundance and biomass and to analyze how underground factors influenced earthworm abundance and biomass in green open space. This study had been conducted from March-June 2013 within the campus of Riau University. Earthworm sampling was taken in 20 randomly-selected plots under each type of cover vegetation using a steel frame measuring 25 cm x 25 cm x 15 cm to a depth of 30 cm below the soil surface. The earthworms were counted and weighed alive. Environmental conditions in each plot were characterized by measuring soil temperature, soil water content, soil bulk density, root biomass, soil pH and soil texture. Results showed that cover vegetation type significantly influenced earthworms abundance and biomass (P<0.05). Earthworms were most abundant and had the largest biomass under trees (141.65 individuals/m2 and 40.99 g/m2). They were least abundant under shrub (75.20 individuals/m2) and had the smallest biomass under grass (12.83 g/m2). Results of principal component analysis (PCA) showed that soil pH gave the strongest influence on earthworm abundance and biomass compared to other underground factors under consideration in the campus of Riau University.Item A NEW SPECIES OF CLINOSTOMUM (DIGENEA: CLINOSTOMIDAE) FROM CLIMBING PERCH (Trichogaster trichopterus) IN RIAU, INDONESIA(2013-05-30) Riauwaty, Morina; Kurniasih; Prastowo, Joko; WindartiThe aim of study is to identify the Clinostomum sp.obtained from visceral organs of Climbing perch (Trichogaster trichopterus) in Riau, Indonesia. In September 2010, Climbing perch (Trichogaster trichopterus) in Riau, Indonesia were collected, identified and examined for Clinostomum infection. Digenea, encysted metacercariae of Clinostomum were excysted with a needle, fixed in 10% formalin solution for morphological examination. Some samples were fixed with glutaraldehyde for SEM, and with ethanol absolute solution for molecular analysis. The result showed that the metacercariae of Clinostomum sp. from Riau had a body shaped like leaf. The surface of the body had not spinae. The anterior part was narrower than posterior. Posterior end was round. Body length had size of 347.2 (298.6 to 395.8) μm, body width of 127.2 (115.7 to 138.6) μm. Oral sucker small, terminal and had size of 16.2 (14,29 to 18,6) μm. Ventral sucker larger than oral sucker and had size of 63,6 μm. Clinostomum sp. has similarities to Clinostomum phalacrocorasis based on molecular study. This research was the first investigation of Clinostomum sp. in Climbing perch (Trichogaster trichopterus) as second intermediate host found in Riau, Indonesia.Item PARASIT PADA BELUT SAWAH ( Monopterus albus, Zuiew 1793 ) DI DESA SAWAH KECAMATAN KAMPAR UTARA(2014-04-14) Khati, Syauli Ashari; Mahatma, Radith; WindartiMonopterus albus, Zuiew 1793 (Synbranchidae) or swamp eel is rich in protein and commonly used in Riau’s culinary. It is easily found in muddy areas, rice paddy fields and in the organic material polluted area where this fish is able to tolerate to the polluted environment. Fish living in the organic polluted area may face the risk of parasite infection, including the zoonotic parasite that may infect human being. To understand the parasite present in swamp eel, a study had been conducted. The study area of this research was a domestic polluted swamp area in the Sawah Village (Kampar Regency Riau). Thirty eels from this area were used for parasite identification study. Results showed that among the samples, 14 fishes were infected by nematode parasite Gnathostoma spp. This parasites were present in the gonad, liver, body wall and peritoneum. The parasites were found in 5 developmental stages namely egg, 1 st , 2 nd , 3 rd and 4 th larvae.Item Proceeding of The 3rd International Seminar of Fisheries and Marine Science Pekanbaru-INDONESIA(2016-03-30) Hutauruk, Ronald Mangasi; Heltonika, Beni; Karnila, Rahman; Windarti; Syawal, Henni; EfriyeldiItem Reproductive Biology of Anabas testudineus From The Bencah Kelubi Village, Kampar Regency, Riau(2015-01-27) Windarti; Efizon, Dani; Yani, Alit Hindri; Vicaya, Dwi SumbaAnabas testudineus is a type fish that commonly inhabit blackwater area such as swamp, stream and canals in Riau. Eventhough this fish can be found easily, information on its biological aspect is rare. To understand the reproductive biology of this fish, a study has been conducted. The A. testudineus was sampled in irrigation canals in the palm tree plantation area in the Bencah Kelubi Village, Kampar Regency, Riau, from January to March 2013. There were 153 fishes ( 68 males and 85 females) captured. The size offish is various, female ranged from 61 -145 mm TL and 11 -126 gr BW, and that of the male was 49- 131 mm n. and 4-79 gr BW. In January, almost all of fish were in the 111 to 2"d maturity stages and there was no mature fish. In February and March, however, there were mature males and females captured. It is predicted that mature male released pheromone that attract females and causing sex ratio between male and female was around 1 : 2.4 in the last 2 months. The male can be distinguished by longer dorsal fin, slimmer and darker body color. Study on histological structure of gonads shown that the ovary of mature female is dominated by mature eggs, indicated that this fish is a total spawner. In the testes tissue, surprisingly, there is trace of egg remains, indicated in special condition this fish might be able to reverse their sexItem Reproductive Biology Of Belontia Hasselti From The Tambang Village, Kampar Regency, Riau(2016-04-04) Putra, Ridwan Manda; Windarti; Simanjuntak, Esa FBelontia hasselti is belonged to Belontiade family and commonly inhabit flood area and irrigation canals in palm tree plantation areas in Riau. This fish is commonly consumed by local people or reared as aquarium fish. However, information on reproductive biology of this fish is rare. To understand the reproductive biology of this fish, a research has been conducted on February-April 2012. There were 123 fishes (102 males and 21 females) captured (52 to146 mm TL and 2 to 68 grams BW). The sex ratio of male and female is 5:1. In each sampling time there were fishes with 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th maturity level. The Gonado Somatic Index (GSI) is around 0.01-10.46 %. Fecundity is around 142-10,041 eggs. Relationship between fecundity and TL is weak (R2=0.01), while the relationship between fecundity with BW is strong (R2=0.99). The egg diameter is 0.98-1.00 mm. Histological study shown that the maturity stages of eggs in the ovary is various. In the 1st maturity level, the ovary consists of non vitellogenic eggs (diameter 0.05-0.18 mm). In the 2nd maturity stage, the ovary consists of non vitellogenic and early vitellogenic (0.15-0.44 mm). In the 3rd maturity level, vitellogenic eggs occur (0.28-1.95 mm) and in the 4th maturity level, most of egg in the ovary are mature (0.3-0.5mm), but there are non vitellogenic and early vitellogenic eggs. This evidence indicates that B. hasselti may be a “partial spawner” and it may spawn their eggs throughout the year.Item Secondary Intermediate Hospes Of Clinostomum (Trematoda Digenea) In Riau Province, Indonesia(2016-04-04) Riauwaty, Morina; WindartiThe aim of study was to understand the morphology of metacercariae of Clinostomum sp. found in freshwater fishes in Riau, Indonesia as second intermediate hospes. Freshwater fish were collected from Sail river, identified and examined for morphological observation. Encysted metacercariae of Clinostomum were excysted with a needle, fixed in 10% formalin and stained with Semichon’s Acetocarmine. Clinostomum parasites were observed under a stereomicroscope and numbers recorded. The result showed that infected freshwater fish were identified as Trichogaster trichopterus and prevalence of Clinostomum infection to the fish was17,1%. The infected fish had total length between 5,6-11cm, while the weight range was 2,01-28,64 g. The cysts were 1,5-2 mm in diameter, with a thin (c. 0,9 μm wide). There was no spinae in tegument dan had 2 suckers (oral and ventral), posteriorly located genitalia and paired digestive caeca. This digeneans were identified as the metacercariae of Clinostomum sp. This research is the first case of Clinostomum in freshwater fish in Riau, IndonesiaItem SECONDARY INTERMEDIATE HOSPES OF CLINOSTOMUM (TREMATODA DIGENEA) IN RIAU PROVINCE, INDONESIA(2013-05-30) Riauwaty, Morina; WindartiThe aim of study was to understand the morphology of metacercariae of Clinostomum sp. found in freshwater fishes in Riau, Indonesia as second intermediate hospes. Freshwater fish were collected from Sail River, identified and examined for morphological observation. Encysted metacercariae of Clinostomum were excysted with a needle, fixed in 10% formalin and stained with Semichon’s Acetocarmine. Clinostomum parasites were observed under a stereomicroscope and numbers recorded. The result showed that infected freshwater fish were identified as Trichogaster trichopterus and prevalence of Clinostomum infection to the fish was17,1%. The infected fish had total length between 5,6-11cm, while the weight range was 2,01-28,64 g. The cysts were 1,5-2 mm in diameter, with a thin (c. 0,9 μm wide). There was no spinae in tegument dan had 2 suckers (oral and ventral), posteriorly located genitalia and paired digestive caeca. This digeneans were identified as the metacercariae of Clinostomum sp. This research is the first case of Clinostomum in freshwater fish in Riau, Indonesia.Item STRUKTUR GINJAL BENIH IKAN BAUNG (Hemibagrus nemurus Blkr.) AKIBAT TERPAPAR KONSENTRASI SUBLETHAL MERKURI (Hg)(2016-01-26) Nofianingrum, Wistia; Yusfiati; WindartiHeavy metals are serious pollutants in the aquatic environment, as they are persistence and can be accumulated in the body of aquatic organisms. A research on the kidney structure of Hemibagrus nemurus Blkr. that was exposed to sublethal concentrations of mercury was carried out in the laboratory. There were 20 fishes used in this study, 10 fish for controls (0 ppm) and 10 for treatment (0.49 ppm, 96 hours). The kidney samples were processedusing alcohol series, paraffin method and stained with Haematoxylin-Eosin. Results shown that there were abnormalities in the behaviour, morphology, and histological structure of the kidney.Within 24 hours after being treated with sublethal concentrations of mercury, the fish became frantic but then became weaken and die within 96 hours. There were irritation symptoms and wound in the skin and fins. By the 96th hour the kidney was swelling, and pale. Histological structure of the kidney shown hemorrhage, inflammation, cell hypertrophy, cell atrophy, and tissue necrosis. Based on data obtained, it can be concluded that the sublethal concentrations of mercury causes negative impact on the kidney H. nemurus BlkrItem STRUKTUR HATI BENIH IKAN BAUNG (Hemibagrus nemurus Blkr.) AKIBAT TERPAPAR KONSENTRASI SUBLETHAL MERKURI (Hg)(2016-01-28) Lestari, Dhienya Cinintia; Yusfiati; WindartiMercury is a dangerous pollutant in the aquatic environment. It is persistence and in low concentration it can be accumulated in aquatic organism. In high concentration, however, it may negatively affects the organisms. The aim of this research is to understand the condition of the liver of Hemibagrus nemurus Blkr. that were treated with mercury. There were 2 treatments applied, control (0 ppm) and the LC50 of the H. nemurus, which was 0.49 ppm. Total fishes use in this study was 20, 10 fishes for control and 10 fishes for treatment. After being treated for 96 hours, behaviour, morphological, and histological structure of the liver were studied. Results indicated that the treated fish shown abnormality in behaviour, it was frantic in the first day, become weaken and die within 96 hours. There was irritation in the skin. By the end of the experiment the liver of the treated fish was pale. Histological study shown that there were tissue abnormality such as cloudy swelling, blood congestion, haemorrhages, and necrosis. There were also black spots in the liver tissue and it is predicted as mercury accumulation. Based on data obtained it can be concluded that the mercury negatively affect the liver of H. nemurusItem STRUKTUR INSANG IKAN BAUNG (Hemibagrus nemurus Blkr.) AKIBAT TERPAPAR KONSENTRASI SUBLETHAL MERKURI (Hg)(2016-01-28) Abyadh, Nurul; Yusfiati; WindartiMercury is one of dangerous pollutant in the aquatic environment and can be accumulated in aquatic organism. High concentrations and long time exposure of mercury causes on death fish. This research aims to understand the behaviour and changes occur in the gill structure of the Hemibagrus nemurus Blkr. that were treated with mercury (Hg) in sublethal concentrations (0.490 ppm). Total fishes use in this study was 20, 10 fishes for control and 10 fishes for treatment. After being treated for 96 hours, fish behavior, morphological and histological structure of the gills was studied. The results indicated that the treated fishes shown abnormality, such as hyperactive become weaken and finally die within 96 hours. The gills of the treated fishes was red pale, while that of the control light red. Histological study shown that there were abnormality in the gills tissue, such as hyperplasia, hypertrophy, fusion of secondary lamella, lifting of epithelial cells, epithelium rupture, hemorrhage, hypertrophy of the chlorid cells and necrosis. Based on data obtained it can be concluded that the LD50 of mercury (0.490 ppm) negatively affect the gill of H. nemurusItem Studi Hematologi Lele Dumbo (Clarias gariepinus ) Hasil Budidaya(wahyu sari yeni, 2017-07-22) Titrawani; Windarti; Hidayat, RizkyIkan lele dumbo (Clarias gariepinus ) adalah salah satu ikan air tawar yang banyak dibudidayakan oleh para petani ikan baik di kolam maupun keramba, karena ikan ini mempunyai nilai ekonomis yang tinggi dan digemari masyarakat karena dagingnya yang enak dan gurih. Kondisi kesehatan ikan dapat dilihat dari parameter-parameter hematologi antara lain total eritrosit, total leukosit, hematokrit, leukokrit dan jenis-jenis leukosit. Eritrosit dalam jumlah rendah menunjukkan bahwa ikan mengalami anemia atau kerusakan ginjal dan jumlah eritrosit yang tinggi menunjukka ikan dalam keadaan stress ( Wedeyemer and Yasutake, 1977). Selain itu juga dapat dilihat dari jumlah sel darah putih (leukosit). Meningkatnya jumlah leukosit merupakan suatu indikasi utama adanya infeksi (Anderson and Swicki, 1994). Leukosit sendiri berperan terhadap pertahanan dalam tubuh terhadap penyakit-penyakit yang timbul akibat ikan mengalami gangguan kesehatan/stress. Jumlah leukosit yang tinggi menunjukkan bahwa ikan terserang mikroorganisme patogen atau megalami infeksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan hematologi ikan lele dumbo (Clarias gariepinus ) yang dilakukan dari bulan Agustus hingga september 2009. Ikan sampel diambil dari 5 kolam budidaya ikan lele dumbo, yaitu Rumbai Pesisir, Tampan, Sukajadi, Bangkinang dan Panam. Dari setiap kolam budidaya, diambil 6 ikan sampel (3 jantan dan 3 betina) yang berukuran sekitar 20-25 cm dari panjang standar ikan. Parameter hematologi yang dihitung yaitu total eritrosit (menurut Schaperclaus, 1992), persentase hematokrit dan leukokrit (menurut Anderson and Siwicki, 1992) dan jenis-jenis leukosit (menurut Blaxshall and Daisley, 1972). Hasil menunjukkan kisaran total eritrosit yaitu 1.500.000-2.800.000 sel/mm3, total leukosit berkisar antara 120.00-370.000 sel/mm3, persentase hematokrit berkisar antara 20-30% dan persentase leukokrit berkisar dari 1-4%. Tipe-tipe leukosit antara lain limfosit (45-72%), trombosit (10-20%), monosit (6-20%), basofil (2-6%), eosinofil (1-9%) dan neutrofil (1-10%).