Biology

Permanent URI for this collection

https://repository.unri.ac.id/handle/123456789/112

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 401

AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI AKTINOMISETES LAHAN GAMBUT RIMBO PANJANG KAMPAR RIAU TERHADAP Staphylococcus aureus
(2016-05-19) Rosandi, Gita Putri; Roza, Rodesia Mustika; Martina, Atria
Potential actinomycetes in producing antibacterial compound has been widely studied. However, not so many information about antibacterial compound produced by local isolates actinomycetes from Riau despite its high diversity. The aim of this research is to determine potential of actinomycetes from Rimbo Panjang Peat, Kampar, Riau in producing antibacterial compounds against S. aureus. Agar disc method was used to test the antibacterial activity by measuring the inhibition zone. Furthermore, antibacterial compounds produced by isolated filtrate of actinomycetes, following five day fermentation, were tested using paper disc method. The result showed that 13 of 40 isolates which were tested using agar disc method had antibacterial activity against S. aureus with the highest inhibition zone was 18,45 mm (isolates KN 5.4). Meanwhile, only 6 of 13 isolates filtrate which were tested using paper disc method showed antibacterial activity with the highest inhibition zone of 16,16 mm (KN 5.4).
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN BENALU (Scurulla sp) YANG TUMBUH PADA BEBERAPA INANG TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Salmonella typhi
(2013-03-04) Nasution, Pebriana; Roza, Rodesia Mustika; Fitmawati
Scurulla sp as arboreal parasitic plant that hold and absorb its nutrient from host. During nutrient absorption, all of metabolites (include secondary metabolites) which produce by the host will be also absorbed. For this reason Scurulla sp must have capability to develop strategies to adapt. Different host are estimated to produce different secondary metabolite. The aims of this study is to know the best solvent between water and methanol to reduce the antibacterial activity of leaf extracts Scurulla sp from different hosts (Coffea arabica, Theobroma cacao, Diospyros nigra) and to know the concentration exctract of Scurulla sp against S. typhi. The method used in this research is the experimental method in the laboratory. There are 5 concentration variations. This extraction performed used methanol and water, and were used series of dilution 10%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. The exctract than was tested by paper disc diffusion and agar wells method, then incubated for 24-72 hours at room temperature. Observations were made by measuring the area which of inhibition. The results showed the inhibition of the solvent methanol has the inhibition area is bigger than the solvent water at all concentrations. Extract of Scurulla sp from Coffea arabica host, Theobroma cacao host and Diospyros nigra host showed the highest in a 100% concentration. The lowest concentration of 10% is characterized by no area of the inhibition on all hosts with the methanol and water solvents
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN MAHANG (Macaranga triloba (Muell.) Arg.) TERHADAP Escherichia coli DAN Salmonella typhi
(2013-03-04) Sari, Rika Purnama; Roza, Rodesia Mustika; Fitmawati
Many kinds of plant species grow in Indonesia. One of them is Mahang (Macaranga triloba (Muell.) Arg.). Mahang (Macaranga triloba (Muell.) Arg.) leaf are often used as traditional medicine. The aims of this study were to find the activity of bacterias using 4 extraction methods and to find the most effective extraction method and concentration in inhibition the bacteria growth againts E. coli and S. typhi. The extraction which had been done by maceration method with methanol dissolver, boiling dry leaf, grinding leaf, boiling fresh leaf. The testing activity was done using paper disk and agar well by extract concentration 100%, 75%, 50%, 25% and 10%. The result of this research showed that of the most effective extraction method and concentration in producing inhibition zone were methanol in concentration of 100%, both E. coli and S. typhi, that is 15,43±2,19 mm and 20,67±1,14 mm
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN PEPAYA (Carica papaya L.) TERHADAP Escherichia coli DAN Salmonella typhi
(2013-03-04) Anggrahini, Dian ND.; Roza, Rodesia M.; Fitmawati
Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is a plant which had been used by society since long time ago as a traditional medicine. It was predicted that there was antibacterial substances in papaya, so it can be used as antibiotic substitutes. The aims of this study were to know the extraction method and concentration of Carica papaya L. against the test bacteria. Carica papaya L. leaf extract were made by maceration method, grinding method, boiling fresh leaf method, and boiling dry leaf method. The test bacteria were E. coli and S. typhi. The inhibition zone was determined for concentration ranging from 10% to 100% (10%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%). Antibacterial activity test was done using paper disc and agar well methods. The result showed that Carica papaya L. leaf extract had antibacterial activities against E. coli and S. typhi that was showed by zone of inhibition. Maceration method with agar well was the most effective extraction method against of E. coli and S. typhi. The bigest zone of inhibition was showed in concentration 100%. The maceration method with agar well demonstrated the highest activity against E. coli (17±1 mm zone of inhibition) and S. typhi (15±0,5 mm zone of inhibition)
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI ISOLAT AKTINOMISETES DALAM MENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN Escherichia coli
(Elfitra, 2022-04) Yahani, Imel; Roza, Rodesia Mustika
The use of antibiotics for infections treatment in the long term may cause bacteria become resistant. Exploration of microorganisms capable to produce antimicrobial compounds have widely been reported. One of which is actinomycetes, a gram-positive bacteria that produce various secondary metabolites. The purpose of this study was to test and select the ability of 20 isolates of actinomycetes (14 isolates from the rhizosphere of the Siak-siak plant (Dianella ensifolia) and six isolates from mangrove soil in Kuala Enok, Tanah Merah district, Indragiri Hilir) using plug agar diffusion method against E.coli under Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) medium for 24 hours. Two isolates (RK4 and RW5) formed inhibition zones against E.coli with diameters of 8 mm and 10.5 mm, respectively. Based on the results obtained, the two isolates were classified as bacteriostatic. In addition, inhibition capability of RK4 and RW5 isolates were respectively classified into weak and moderate inhibitory criteria.
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI METABOLIT SEKUNDER AKTINOMISETES YANG DIEKSTRAKSI MENGGUNAKAN ETIL ASETAT
(2020-08) Melindah, Tamina; Roza, Rodesia Mustika
Infection from pathogenic bacteria can cause various diseases in humans, such as diarrhea. The diarrheal disease can be caused by bacteria Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Shigella flexineri. Meanwhile, actinomycetes are reported to be one of the producers of antibiotics. The actinomycetes used were isolated from soil in the Universitas Riau Arboretum, namely isolates B1.06, B3.13, C2.18, A2.01, and C2.20. The purpose of this study was to study the antibacterial activity of secondary metabolites of Actinomycetes extracted using ethyl acetate against pathogenic bacteria that cause diarrheal diseases. The disk diffusion method was used for testing antibacterial activity. From the results, it was found that the actinomycetes isolate was able to overcome the pathogenic bacteria, with a diameter of inhibition zone formed was 8.2 mm against Salmonella typhimurium and 20.6 mm against Shigella flexineri. The diameter of the inhibition zone formed was compared with the tetracylcline and produced antibacterial activity criteria of actinomycetes isolates that were resistant, intermediate and sensitive.
AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSRAK LUMUT Leucobryum sp. MENGGUNAKAN METODE DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhidrazyl)
(2020-10) Hayati, Suci; Fitmawati, Fitmawati
Leucobryum sp. is a moss from Leucobryaceae family, that is known to contain active compounds both primary and secondary metabolites, which can be used as antibacterial, antioxidant and anticancer substances. This study used DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method and methanol as a solvent for extraction for analyzing antioxidant activity. Based on the results of the antioxidant activity test, the IC50 value of Leucobryum sp. was 228.2268 ppm.
AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK PUCUK DAUN DAN DAUN MUDA PEREPAT (Sonneratia alba) DI DESA SAPAT
(Elfitra, 2022-06) Haryanti, Windy Teguh; Fatonah, Siti
Perepat plant (Sonneratia alba) is one of the mangrove species that has the potential as a source of antioxidants that is used by the people of Sapat Village, Indragiri Hilir Regency, Riau Province. The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity of the perepat leaf extract at different leaf maturity. Testing of antioxidant activity was carried out using the DPPH radical scavenging method. The results showed that the antioxidant activity of extracts of perepat leaf shoots and young leaves perepat with IC50 were 56,89 ppm and 33,83 ppm respectively.
AKTIVITAS FOSFATASE TANAH DAN TOTAL POPULASI BAKTERI PELARUT FOSFAT: DAMPAK ALIH FUNGSI LAHAN GAMBUT MENJADI PERKEBUNAN SAGU DI RIAU
(2017-01-03) Handayani, Fitri; Zul, Delita; Fibriarti, Bernadeta Leni
Sebagian besar lahan gambut di Riau telah diubah untuk kegiatan pertanian. Konversi lahan tersebut mengakibatkan perubahan jenis vegetasi yang mengganggu siklus P dalam tanah karena adanya perubahan populasi dan aktivitas mikroba. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dampak konversi lahan gambut menjadi perkebunan sagu terhadap karakteristik fisika-kimia tanah, aktivitas fosfatase tanah, dan total populasi bakteri pelarut fosfat. Sampel tanah diambil dari tujuh lokasi yang berbeda di Desa Lukun, Kecamatan Tebingtinggi Timur, Kabupaten Meranti, Riau, yaitu hutan alam (HA), perkebunan sagu yang ditanam dengan umur 6 bulan (HSB), usia tanaman sagu 7 tahun yang bercampur dengan karet umur 5 tahun (HS+K), usia perkebunan sagu 20 tahun (HS 20 TH), usia perkebunan sagu 40 tahun (HS 40 TH), usia perkebunan sagu 80 tahun (HS 80 TH), dan usia perkebunan sagu 120 tahun (HS 120 TH). Karakter fisika-kimia tanah diukur dengan mengikuti metode standar. Aktivitas fosfatase tanah diukur dengan menggunakan metode kolorimetri dan total populasi bakteri pelarut fosfat ditentukan dengan menggunakan metode Total Plate Count. Karakter fisika-kimia tanah bervariasi dengan kisaran pH 5,63-6,50, suhu 28,25-31,25°C, kelembaban 58,75-86,25%, berat kering tanah 0,68-0,79 g, kandungan air tanah 21,00-32,00%, berat volume tanah 0,21 -0,27 g/cm3. Aktivitas fosfatase asam tertinggi ditemukan di HS 40 tahun (40,33 mol PNP/hr/g tanah) dan terendah di HSB (13,71 mol PNP/hr/g tanah). Total bakteri pelarut fosfat tertinggi pada HS 40 tahun (1,68×104 CFU/g tanah) dan terendah pada HSB (0,12×104 CFU/g tanah). Berdasarkan data, dapat disimpulkan bahwa konversi lahan gambut menjadi perkebunan sagu mempengaruhi aktivitas fosfatase asam, tetapi tidak mempengaruhi total populasi bakteri pelarut fosfat.
AMPLIFIKASI GEN EF1α PADA TUMBUHAN TUNTUN ANGIN (Elaeocarpus floribundus)
(wahyu sari yeni, 2019-04-23) Mutiarawati, Dilla; Herman, Herman
The method of amplification is used in the genetic field, specifically to multiply target DNA, using PCR (polymerase chain reaction) method. To amplify the target DNA, the first step that must be done is DNA isolation. One of the target DNA that can be amplified is the EF1α gene in tuntun angin plant (Elaeocarpus floribundus), this gene is one of housekeeping gene. The amplification of the EF1α gene used a pair of primer EF1α_F : 5 '- TCC AGC TAA GGG TGC C -3' and EF1α_R : 5 '- GGT GGG TAC TCG GAG A -3', with annealing temperature of 54,70C. The PCR result was then checked using electrophoresis method. The results showed a band of the EF1α gene. The size of the EF1α gene band was determined using 1Kb ladder DNA. Size of EF1α gene band was found to be about 900 pb, with a thin and single band.
ANALISIS DISTRIBUSI PARAMETER FISIS AIR BAWAH TANAH PADA PERUMAHAN DI SEKITAR KAWASAN PABRIK KARET PT. P&P BANGKINANG KECAMATAN MARPOYAN DAMAI KOTA PEKANBARU
(2016-05-19) Yornanda, Dera; Juandi M
Analysis of distribution for the physical parameters of ground water in the housing around the area of rubber factory PT. P & P Bangkinang Marpoyan Damai Pekanbaru has been carried out by using Radials methods about 400 m surrounding a factory. The physical parameters level of ground water include conductivity, resistivity, and salinity measured by coordinate points as much as 10 points. The recorded data of physical parameters level of ground water were input into software "surfer 11" to be processed in order to obtain a map of contour levels of physical parameters of ground water. The results showed that the highest level of conductivity is originated from the type of ring wells with the value of 0.0273 (1/ohm.m) exceeding the threshold of ground water quality, and the lowest level of conductivity is 0.00488 (1/ohm.m) comes from the borehole. The lowest resistivity level is 36.63 ohm.m from the ring wells and the highest of 204.92 ohm.m comes from the borehole. The highest salinity level of 1.5 gr/l exceeding the ground water quality from ring wells and the lowest level of 0.5 gr/l is originated from the borehole. The results of this study showed that the ground water on ring wells generally has been polluted by waste of rubber factory.
ANALISIS FILOGENETIK NIBUNG (Oncosperma tigillarium (Jack) Ridl.) “FLORA MASKOT” RIAU BERDASARKAN SEKUEN GEN rbcL DENGAN METODE MAXIMUM PARSIMONY (MP)
(perpustakaan UR, 2021-06) Hidayanti, Retno Esti; Fitmawati, Fitmawati
Taxonomic studies using morphological markers on nibung are difficult to do, because generative characters such as flowers and fruits as important characters are difficult to find in the out of season period. Thus, an alternative analysis using molecular methods is required. The study aimed to analyze kinship relationships and to reconstruct phylogenetic trees based on the character of the rbcL gene. DNA Extraction Procedure used CTAB method with modification. DNA fragments were sequenced at the First Base Laboratories Malaysia through PT. Genetika Science Indonesia followed by alignment using Bioedit application and phylogenetic analysis using Maximum Parsimony (MP) methods in PAUP* application version 4.0a169. The MP analysis grouped three collections of Oncosperma tigillarium into monophyletic clads with a bootstrap value of 100%. This grouping shows that the three collections of Oncosperma tigillarium from Bengkalis Island and Oncosperma tigillarium from Rupat Island have a close kinship based on rbcL genes
ANALISIS FILOGENETIK TIGA KULTIVAR SALAK DI DAERAH ACEH BERDASARKAN PENANDA rbcL MENGGUNAKAN METODE NEIGHBOR JOINING
(perpustakaan UR, 2021-06) Darmawan, Haura Zavira; Fitmawati, Fitmawati
Aceh is one of the center areas of wild type and cultivated snake fruit (salak) as it has a various topography. The massive deforestation resulted in reduced salak habitat and salak diversity in Aceh. In addition, lack of information about salak kinship in Aceh and difficulty in morphological-based taxonomic studies lead to the requirement of molecular approach which facilitate the study of salak taxonomy. This study aimed to reconstruct phylogenetic trees and analyze the kinship relationship of Salacca species in Aceh based on rbcL gene sequence using neighbor joining method. DNA extraction used CTAB method with modification. Phylogenetic analysis using neighbor joining method showed that Salacca sp. (NH.07) Lembah Seulawah had the longest evolutionary rate compared to other two salak samples.
ANALISIS FILOGENETIK TIGA POPULASI DUKU TURAK (Lansium domesticum Corr.) ASAL KABUPATEN KUANTAN SINGINGI BERDASARKAN KARAKTER MORFOLOGI
(2013-05-24) S, Dewi Kartika; Fitmawati; Sofiyanti, Nery
Duku Turak is a native fruit from Kuantan Singingi regency. This plant is mainly distributed in three regions i.e. Cerenti, Gunung Toar and Benai District. Those populations are predicted as old populations and have morphological character variation. In spite of this, the information of duku Turak is limited. Therefore a detail exploration of this plant is important to be carried out. The aims of this study were to analyzed the variation of morphological characters and to determine the phylogenetic relationship of duku Turak. The method was carried out using exploration method. A total of 40 individuals from three study sites were examined, consisted of 15 individuals from Cerenti, 15 from Gunung Toar and 10 from Benai. Fourty one morphological characters were scored to construct cladogram. Thirty nine individuals out of 40 were grouped together in a clade, while one individual of ingroup (Gunung Toar 12) was excluded and made a branch with outgroup. The group in cladogram was not based on the origin population but mainly based on the similarity of morphological character.
ANALISIS HUBUNGAN KEKERABATAN BEBERAPA JENIS MANGGA (Mangifera) BERDASARKAN KARAKTER MORFOLOGI DAN FLUORESENSI KLOROFIL
(2013-07-04) Swita, Anggi; Fitmawati; Minarni
This study aimed to characterizeand to determine mango species of Mangiferabased onthe morphological character and laser induced fluoresence of chlorophyll. The study had been conducted from December 2012 to March 2013 on 4 study sites in Riau Province by using a survey method anda direct observationto the morphological characters and a simple method to the fluoresence of chlorophyll. Data of morphological observation and fluoresence of chlorophyll was described in a character tabel. A total of 80morphological characters and fluoresence of chlorophyll were scored and analyzed using PAUP 4.0. 9 distinct mango species from Mangifera genus were determinedbased on the morphological characters and fluoresence of chlorophyll. The cladogram formed two main clads, clad I only consisted of M. torquendra and clad II consisted of M. foetida, M. odorata, M. indica, M. laurina, M. sumatrana, M. zeylenica, M. quadrifida and Mangifera sp.. All of the Mangiferaspecies in clad II were grouped with bootstrap value at 51%. The clustering result in the cladogram was mainly based on the similarity of morphological characters and the similarity of fluoresence colors.
ANALISIS HUBUNGAN KEKERABATAN GENUS Bauhinia BERDASARKAN KARAKTER MORFOLOGI
(2020-05) Tiffani; Fitmawati
One of the species from genus Bauhinia used by the Lingga Malay Society as a herbal medicine is kangkang katup (Bauhinia sp.). This species grows not only in the Riau Island, but can also be found in the Riau Mainland area such as the Arboretum Universitas Riau and Taman Hutan Raya (TAHURA) Sultan Syarif Hasyim. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship among 3 species of Bauhinia based on morphological characteristics. A descriptive method was used in this research with direct observation techniques on 3 species of Bauhinia and then the data was processed using the NTSYS application. A relationship analysis using the NTSYS application resulted a dendogram with a kf (phenotypic coefficient) similarity ranged from 70% to 90%. The dendrogam clearly displayed the morphology of Bauhinia sp. Lingga was in one main cluster with Bauhinia sp. Arboretum, while Bauhinia sp. TAHURA was in another cluste
ANALISIS HUBUNGAN KEKERABATAN MACANG (Mangifera foetida Lour.) DI SUMATERA BAGIAN TENGAH
(2014-03-28) Anto; Fitmawati; Sofiyanti, N.
The diversity of Mangifera foetida Lour. (macang) in central Sumatra has not been explored and inventoried. On the other hand, the diversity of cultivars and varieties of this species is endangered due to the lost of its natural habitat. This research aimed to analyze the diversity of macang in central Sumatra. The research was carried out from December 2011 to June 2013. The morphological and agronomical characters of a total of 66 macang trees had been observed. All of these observed characters were then scored and analyzed using NTSYSpc 2.02 to determine their clustering and using Minitab to analyze the principle component and correlation of Pearson. The result showed that the similarity coefficient ranged from 0.17 to 0.76. Dendogram constructed from the similairty coefficient showed two main groups, that clustered not based on the sample locations but based on the character similarity (fruit color). The first group consisted of 65 individuals and second group consisted of one individual. The result of Principle component analysis showed two main groups, with the diversity accumulation value was 40%. The results of correlation analysis of 66 characters showed that six characters were positively corellated
ANALISIS HUBUNGAN KEKERABATAN MANGGA (Mangifera sp.) DI KABUPATEN KAMPAR BERDASARKAN KARAKTER MORFOLOGI
(2013-07-30) Pakpahan, Fransiska Warni; Fitmawati; Sofiyanti, Nery
Kampar is one of the regencies in Riau Province that has high diversity of mango (Mangifera). This research was aimed to analyze the phenetic relationship of mango cultivars from the regency. This study had been conducted from December 2011 to September 2012. A total of 50 morphological characters were scored and analyzed using NTSYSpc 2.02. 43 mango cultivars from seven Mangifera species were identified in this study followed by Mangifera indica (22 cultivars), Mangifera laurina (7 cultivars), Mangifera zeylanica (5 cultivars), Mangifera foetida (4 cultivars), Mangifera odorata (3 cultivars), Mangifera sumatrana (1 cultivar) and Mangifera sp. (1 cultivar). The silimarity coefficients were ranged from 0.36 to 0.88. The dendrogram showed two main groups based on its sub genus, the first group consisted of 35 cultivars from subgenus Mangifera and the second group consisted of 8 cultivars from subgenus Limus.
ANALISIS HUBUNGAN KEKERABATAN MANGGA (Mangifera spp.) DI PULAU KUNDUR BERDASARKAN KARAKTER MORFOLOGI
(2021-06) Meilani, Haerisa; Fitmawati, Fitmawati
The diversity of mangoes in Indonesia is one of the important assets of germplasm sources that need to be maintained. Diversity analysis is carried out to determine genetic resources. Exploration of mango cultivars in the archipelago, especially Kundur Island has never been done. This research aimed to explore, identify, characterize and analyze the diversity and kinship relationship of mango in Kundur Island based on morphological characters. The research was conducted in Kundur Island, Karimun Regency, Riau Islands from November 2020 to March 2021. The study used descriptive survey method. The data analysis used NTSYSTpc to assess diversity mango in Kundur Island. The results showed that similarity coefficient ranged from 0.35 to 0.92 based on 74 morphological characters. Dendogram constructed using similarity coefficient showed 3 main groups, the first groups consisted of 1 individual, the second groups consisted of 9 individuals and the third groups consisted of 38 individuals
ANALISIS HUBUNGAN KEKERABATAN PISANG (Musa spp.) DI KABUPATEN KAMPAR BERDASARKAN KARAKTER MORFOLOGI
(2013-07-30) Manurung, Nia Marta; Fitmawati; Sofiyanti, Nery
Kampar is a district in Riau Province that has high banana diversity. The aim of this research was to investigate the diversity of bananas based on morphological characters . This research had been conducted from March to July 2012 in five study sites i.e. Kampar Timur, Kampar, Rumbio Jaya, Tambang and Tapung Sub-district, using survey method and direct observation. A total of 43 banana trees were examined and scored using their morphological characters. The dendogram was constructed from similarity matrix using NTSyst which based on 89 morphological characters. The similarity coeficient was ranged from 0.15 to 0.84 that the highest relationship was found between Manis Bawang and Bantan cultivar, while the lowest relationship was found between Kowok and Lilin cultivar. A total of 33 banana cultivars were determined which based on the morphological character observation. The dendrogram showed two main groups, group I consisted of two cultivars, i.e. Tanduk and lilin, while group II consisted of 41 individuals from 31 cultivars. The potential bananas were divided into two groups, consumable bananas as fresh fruit (Buai Pendek, Udang, Godang, Barangan, Si Ajo, Tenalun, Timah) and cooked bananas (Tanduk, Bungo, Pawen, Nangko, Sirandah, Batu and Batu Abu).

Browse

Browsing Biology by Title

Results Per Page

Sort Options