P - Fisheries and Marine

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    Adaptive Reuse of Several Historical Buildings in Kuala Lumpur as Museums
    (2015-01-29) Jamal, Daeng Haliza Daeng; Hassan, Zuraidah; Ramli, Zuliskandar
    Malavsia is a countrv rich with histoncal build1nos most of which are part of the nat1onal heritaoe However, many of such buildinos that are located across the countrv have been ionored 1n recent vears. Realiz1nq the importance and potential of such buildmqs towards the countrv's qrowth, these build l ~s have been renovated and adapted to be reused again For a wide range of Functions. particularly in the vcinity of Kuala Lumpur Generally most of these restored historic buildinqs have been converted into museums. business premises, off1ces. restaurants, residential houses or even for public use. This paper a1ms to identify and focus on a few of the historcal build1nos 1n Kuala Lumpur which have been adapted to be converted 1nto museums. Apart from beinq a source of reference and leamm. the uniqueness of the Museum architecture serves as a symbol of the historical ident1tv of Kuala Lumpur that could draw the attention of tourists Furthermore, th1s paper aims to elevate the importance of historical buildings in developing the country's potential in tounsm through the promotion of heritage tourism.
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    The Alteration of Pekanbaru Public Opinion on Execution of Pekanbaru Election Commission's Task and Authority on Re-balloting of 2011 Pekanbaru Regional Leader Election
    (2015-01-31) Adlin
    As the executor of Election and Req1onal Election in the independent reqion Pekanbaru Reqional Election Commission is required to optimally execute task and authority to increase the democra cy qualltv in re01onallevel. On the first round ballotinq of 2011 Pekanbaru Reqional Leader Elect1on. half of the citizen assess the Reqional Election Com1ssion (KPUDl of Pekanbaru take sides to one of the candidates, this stimulates the Constitutonal Court (MKl decide to execute the Re-Ballotinq (PSU) to elect the 2011 Pekanbaru Mayor and V1ce Mayor Furthermore the execution of PSU 'rYj Pekanbaru KPUD. obtained protest from half of the Pekanbaru citizen. This research a1ms to know the alteration of public opion towards Pekanbaru KPUD after the elected candidates defined by MK. This research uses the quant1tat1ve method w1th random samplinq multistaqe technique toward 120 respcndents in 6 districts of Pekanbaru town. Data 1s taken throuqh enclosed qLestionnaire wh1ch further analysed and presented in the frequencv table Research findinqs show majority assess that Pekanbaru KPUO has worked well on the task and authority of PSU execut1on
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    AMMONIA Absorption In Nitrogen Industry Wastewater By Microalgae Chlorella Pyrenoidosa, Nannochloropsis Sp. And Bacteria Pseudomonas Fluoresc
    (2016-04-04) Marhaini; Faizal, Muhammad; Dahlan, Muhammad; Arinafril; Marsi
    The growth of Chlorella pyrenoidosa microalgae, Nannochloropsis sp. and the bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens on urea nitrogen industry wastewater has been investigated as an effort to study the potential of these microorganisms in the remediation of nitrogen industry wastewater. Microalgae and bacteria to be grown on media in water treatment plants with high levels of urea fertilizer NH3-N and by 50 percent urea for inhibitory Concentration (IC50). The results showed that the microalgae C. pyrenoidosa able to grow and tolerant on the levels 626.646 ppm of NH3-N and 1426 ppm urea, Nannochloropsis sp. NH3-N and urea 559.854 1398 ppm, whereas P. fluorescens 723.219 ppm and 1623 ppm urea. Microalgae and bacteria growth at that concentration can absorb C. pyrenoidosa NH3-N 53.46% and urea 58%, Nannochloropsis sp. NH3-N 57.5% and 53.71% urea, whereas P. fluorescens NH3-N 62.47% and 62.47% urea. Based on the results of these studies, microalgae and bacteria have potency to be developed as a bioremediation agent in absorbing nitrogen industry wastewater, on the bottom of the pool, deposition microalgae can be used as an alternative energy source.
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    Anaerobic Propane Oxidation for Biological Sulphate and Thiosulphate Reductions
    (2016-03-22) Diansyah
    The existence of microbial populations that use short chain alkanes (ethane, propane and butane) as potential electron donors for the reduction of sulphate has been recently reported. The use of sulphur compounds in many chemical processing leads wastewaters containing high concentration of sulphate and thiosulphate. Batch experiments were studied to determine the ability of mixed sediment cultures from Aarhus and Eckernförde Baytoanaerobically reduce sulphate and thiosulphatecoupled to propane as electron donor.In the presence of propane, sulphide production from all sulphate and thiosulphate bottles was higher than the sulphide production when the propane was not added.
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    Analisis Kualitas Sedimen Permukaan Selat Bengkalis Propinsi Riau
    (2014-11-09) Hardi, Sandro Situmeang; Rifardi
    Penelitian ini dilakukan pada mei 2012. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola sebaran Pb dan Cu Pada sedimen permukaan serta komposisi material penyusun sedimen di perairan Selat Bengkalis. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survey, dimana penentuan titik stasiun sebanyak 7 stasiun. Sampel sedimen diambil dari perairan Selat Bengkalis menggunakan Eckman Grab. Analisis logam berat dan komposisi material penyusun sedimen menggunakan AAS Perkin Elmer 3110 dan Saringan Bertingkat, di Laboratorium Kimia Laut Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Riau. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata –rata logam Pb yang mengendap pada sedimen adalah 45,95 ppm, dimana konsentrasi logam Pb berkisar antara 30,15 – 54,70 ppm. Sedangkan Logam Cu memiliki konsentrasi rata – rata 67,73 ppm dengan kisaran antara 62,10 – 71,20 ppm. Daerah kawasan aktivitas pelabuhan dan limbah masyarakat pesisir memiliki konsentrasi logam Pb dan Cu tertinggi, dimana logam diduga berasal dari limbah aktivitas kapal dan pemukiman, yang mana logam akan masuk ke perairan Selat Bengkalis kemudian terakumulasi di perairan dan lama – kelamaan akan mengendap di dasar perairan yaitu sedimen. Sedangkan Konsentrasi logam Pb dan Cu terendah terdapat pada kawasan pesisir mangrove. Nilai ERL untuk logam Pb dan Cu adalah 46,70 dan 34,00 ,dan nilai ERM untuk logam Pb dan Cu adalah 218,00 dan 270,00 ppm. Kata Kunci : Pb, Cu, Pola Sebaran, Sedimen permukaan
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    Analysis and Strategy Business Development Mariculture (Keramba Cage) in the Sialang Pasung Village West Rangsang District Kepulauan Meranti Regency
    (2016-03-31) Yulinda, Eni; Arief, Hazmi
    The main objective of this research to analize the development of maintenance strategy for the marineculture efforts at Sialang Pasung Village, Kepulauan Meranti Regency. This research in particular has purpose to: Know contribution of fishery culture in Sialang Pasung Village, West Rangsang Subdistrict, Kepulauan Meranti Regency. Analize marine culture efforts and the management of fishery efforts in Kepulauan Meranti Regency. Analize congruent development of the potential, opportunity and the constraint of fishery culture in Kepulauan Meranti Regency. The analysis was descriptive to the condition of marine culture in Sialang Pasung Village that dominate by aquaculture association’s (KONSIP) White Scout Fish (Lates calcarifer). White Scout Fish (Lates calcarifer) takes about 6-7 months to produce. In each production, 1 fish have weight about 1 kg – 0,7 kg. The average of White Scout Fish Production in Sialang Pasung Village is about 8.687,2 kg/harvest.Based of macro economy analysis, fishery are basic sector that give important influence for Kepulauan Meranti Regency economics matter. It was shown by value of LQ>1 from the last 3 years and Kelupauan Meranti Regency fishery that support this sector developed to become main district economic sector. In compliance with analysis of the fishery development priority and analysis fishery as the most potential developed sector. Therefore, need some policy combination to develop product/superior sector in the regency to reach prosperous economic. Internal factor in marine aquaculture efforts development in Kepulauan Meranti Regency is productive human resources, fishery culture product raising, handmade materials, Government policy. External factor is market and economy.
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    Analysis of Benthic Dinoflagellate Gambierdiscus, Ostreopsis andProrocentrum Density in West Coast of Sumatera Island and Bintan Island Coast in Riau Archipelago, Indonesia
    (2016-03-30) Thamrin
    Field experiment was conducted in Pulau Pesumpahan and Pulau Pisang Coast ofWest Coast of Sumatera Island and in Malang Rapat and Teluk Bakau Coast of Bintan Island coast, Riau Archipelago to examine the density of benthic dinoflagellate Gambierdiscus, Ostreopsis and Prorocentrum. The density was observed by field experiment using plastic screen. Four field stations (P. Pasumpahan and P. Pisang in the west of Sumatera Island waters, and Malang Rapat and T.Bakau in the east site of Sumatera island waters) were established. The results showed that the role of nutrients toincrease number of dinoflagellates, including Gambierdiscus, Ostreopsis anapat and Prorocentrum is unclear. Increase of dinoflagellate including benthic dinoflagellate Gambierdiscus, Ostreopsis and Prorocentrum may be indirectly as an effect of degradation of coral reefs, and increase of HAB including benthic dinoflagellate may be controlled by macroalgae and seagrasses.
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    Analysis of Evacuation Route Approach of IMO Guidelines Interm MSC/Circ.1238
    (2016-08-27) Santoso, Budhi; Ariany, Zulfaidah; Sarwoko
    The emergency conditions in the cruise ship may happened at any time and it results in the form of damage to the vessel and causing lost of life. But these effects can be reduced by preventive effort. The research was conducted on a river boat type LCT 200 GT operated in the Mamberamo River Papua. The Mamberamo Foja has different characteristics from other ferries, which is the LCT form and it has different design in passenger luggage and vehicle deck. This research aims to get a access to the optimum design of the entire system for evacuation of the passengers and crew, to enable then to leave the ship quickly and safely during an emergency condition. The emergency Evacuation System Research was conducted by calculating the escape time in each route, in the deck and outside the deck, by using the IMO Guidelines Intern MSC / Circ. 1238. Result of the optimum evacuation time in each route was calculated and then compared with the IMO Interim Guidelines. Result of the calculation of evacuation time by using the IMO Interim Guidelines in the afternoon was 37.92 minutes, while in the outside, at night these are 42.92 minutes. While the results of using the evacuation route software, in the afternoon was 39.65 minutes, and in the outside, at night was 44.64 minutes. So, it can be concluded that a solution for optimum evacuation in order to optimize the access to the liferaft, the IMO Guidelines Intern MSC / Circ. 1238 should be added to the navigation deck and passenger deck to minimize the risk of lost.
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    Analysis Of Shoreline Changes Of Bengkalis Island
    (2016-04-12) Abdillah, Yayat; Husrin, Semeidi; Sudirman, Nasir
    The island of Bengkalis in Riau province is highly vulnerable against the impact of future sea level rise because of its low lying coastal area. Moreover, actions of waves, currents and human interferences may lead to even faster retreat of the coastlines. The objective of this study is to investigate the shoreline changes over the last decades and to determine coastalvulnerabilitydue to climate change in the future. GIS method has been implemented to assess shoreline changes based on satellite images and other supporting data. Based on LANDSAT images, we found the northern part of Bengkalisshoreline suffers 4 m/year of erosion while the southern part experiences 2m/year of erosion. Combined with the analysis of future climate changes that may lead to sea level rise, the island of Bengkalis is considered to have high index of coastal vulnerability due to dense occupation in the coastal area and constant retreat of shorelines.
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    Analysis Pattern of Potency and Fisheries Development in The Bengkalis Regency, Riau Province
    (2016-08-28) Amrizal; Sjafrizal; Mahdi; Junaidi
    Bengkalis waters is experiencing over fishing (DKP Riau Province, 2011). The purpose of this study is to analyze the fisheries potency and the level of exploitation in the coastal and marine zones and to understand the level of fishermen income in the Bengkalis waters. Data were obtained directly from the fishermen and the secondary data were obtained from related institutions. Results shown that the potential of sustainable fisheries in the coastal zone of the Bengkalis is 1,287.09 tons / year, while that of the marine zone is 7,608.17 tons/ year. The exploitation rate in the coastal zone is 113.04% and that of the marine zone is 90.94% in 2013. In the coastal zone, the average of Benefit Cost of Ratio (BCR) = 1.89, with the average of income revenue was Rp 19,035,000,-/year, while those of the marine zone is 1.96 and Rp 83.442.000,-/year respectively.
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    Aplication for Ship Construction for Wooden Vessel by Using Matlab
    (2016-08-27) Pegri S, Ricky; Mangasi Hutauruk, Ronald; Rengi, Pareng
    There is a rule issued by authorized classification to ensure that a ship building is in safety condition during cruising or fishing. In fact, traditional shipyard builts wooden vessels in unique way, and it often neglects the government rules due to many reasons. The main reason is many diffticulties in technical calculation of the ship building process and it is confusing when applied to the vessels. Labor education background supposed to effects the concept. They rely on their descent skills and experiences. However, it is not guarantee to produce seaworthiness of wooden vessels. It needs rule issued by goverment to convince the ship product, and may not in jeopardy condition. This research aim to built an application by using Matlab to calculate the construction rule and make it simple, but it can be used in the traditional shipyard and satisfy the Indonesian Bureau of Classification. Data obtained are presented in Graphycal User Interface and built in syntaks , followed the formula given by the class. Result shown that the application can be use to facilitate the construction calculation.
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    The Application of Led Lights (Light Emitting Diode) as Replacement of Kerosene Pressure Lamps at Stationary Lift Nets in Sungsang Estuary, South Sumatera
    (2016-03-30) Fauziyah; Supriyadi, Freddy; Saleh, Khairul; Hadi; Suteja, Yulianto
    Kerosene pressure lamps used in stationary lift nets in Sungsang Estuary South Sumatra as a tool for catching anchovies. The high price of kerosene is the main considerations for conducting research to find a replacement of kerosene pressure lamps. The purpose of the study were 1) analyze the characteristics of catchment in stationary lift nets using kerosene pressure lamps and LED lights, and 2) analyze differences catches in stationary lift nets using kerosene pressure lamps and LED lights. The research was conducted on new moon (dark condition) in July 2013 by experimental method in stationary lift nets that using kerosene pressure lamps and LED lights. Both of them operated 4 times in each trip. The results of this study indicated that the use of kerosene pressure lamps and LED lights not statistically significantly different for the anchovy, squid, other fishes catches, and total catch. Thus technically, LED light can be used as a substitute for kerosene pressure lamps in stationary lift nets.
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    Archaeology, Culture and History: Concept and Their Contribution in Malaysia
    (2015-01-26) Ramli, Zuliskandar
    Archeology, history and culture are seen as capable of contributing to national development The three things are linked because the three have a strong bond. In the opinion ofthe author, archaeology, history and culture are in harmony of each other. This is because archeology is part of history and cultural data. including the paleo-environment data (ecofact), which are the primary data in archaeological research. However, this view would conflict with those who adhere to the idea that 'archeology is anthropology or it is nothing. It is the faith of those who subscribe to the "New Archaeology" born in America. The movement began in the late 1950's when American researchers began to move the entire discipline away from the study of artifacts to the study of people behavior. Work of Gordon Willey and Philip Philips in 'Method and Theory in American Archaeology' stated that "American archaeology is anthropology or it is nothing (Whillwy and Phillips 1958: 2). The idea implied that the goals of archaeology were, in fact, the goals of anthropology, which were to answer questions about humans and human society. This was a critique of the former period in archaeology, the culture-historical phase in which archaeologists thought that any information which artifac1s contained is about past people and their way of live once the items are included in the archaeological record. All they felt that could be done was to catalogue, describe and create timelines based on artifacts (Trigger, 1989).
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    Assessment Of Heavy Metals (Al, Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb And Hg) In Demersal Fishes Of Kuala Tanjung Coast, North Sumatra
    (2016-04-02) Simanjuntak, Charles; Djumanto; Rahardjo; Zahid, Ahmad
    The presence of heavy metals in aquatic environment has been of great concern because of their toxicity when their concentration is more than the permissible level. This study was carried out to assess concentrations of six heavy metals (Al, Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb and Hg) in the muscle and liver of Chiloscyllium punctatum, Chiloscyllium indicum, Johnius belangeri, Nibea soldado, Otolithes ruber, Paratrypauchen microcephalus, Cynoglossus lingua, and Cynoglossus puncticeps from Kuala Tanjung coastal waters. The levels of Al, Zn, Cu, Cd and Pb were measured by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (GFAAS) technique; whereas Hg was measured by Cold Vapour Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy (CV-AFS) technique. The bioaccumulation of Al, Zn and Cu was predominant followed by Cd, Pb and Hg both in muscle and liver tissue of fish sample. The concentration range of Al, Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb and Hg in muscle was 0.01-16.9, 2.97-11.5, 0.01-0.37, 0.001-6.400,
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    Bioeconomic Analysis of Capture Fisheries in Bengkalis Regency
    (2016-03-29) Rengi, Pareng; Tang, Usman M; Siregar, Yusni Ikhwan
    Bengkalis coastal and offshore seas are well known for high fishing productivity. Fisheries sector had a significant contribution to regional economy, thus the development of fisheries become important for local government policy to increase fishermen welfare. However, it was indicated that the Bengkalis fishing production showed a decreasing trend which suggested an overfishing status. The present research aimed to analyze the fisheries resources state in Bengkalis Regency, and performed a Shift Share (SS) Analysis as well as Location Quotient (LQ) Analysis, to determine the trend of fisheries sector to Bengkalis economy. Furthermore, Bioeconomic Analysis and Institutional Analysis were also carried out to describe the institutional aspect. Apparently, Parang-parang (Chirocentrus dorab) have been over exploited. Bioeconomic analysis revealed that exploitation rate of Parang-parang reached 263%. Natural growth level of Parang-parang was calculated of 1,142, capture capacity coefficient was 0,0000002721 and carrying capacity coefficient was 168.882,96. Bioeconomic analysis result of Kurau (Eleutheronema tetradactylum) was overfishing 33,42%. Natural growth level of Kurau was 0,614, capture capacity coefficient was 0,00000020 and carrying capacity coefficient was 28.820. Fisheries management policy of this economic resources had better used MEY regime. Based on LQ and SS analysis, it appeared that fisheries sector had high effects to regional economic so that fisheries development provide significantly contribution to public welfare opportunity. The degradation of marine ecosystem and high exploitation (overfishing) become a serious problem. The role of social culture (local wisdom) should be revitalized. Stakeholders involved in fisheries development policy were fiseheries office, Bengkalis Parliament, Forestry Departement and Bengkalis Environmental Agency.
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    Catch Composition and Size distribution of the spiny lobster (Panulirus spp) Related to Oceanography Parameters of the Southern Coast of South Sulawesi
    (2016-03-30) Musbir; Sudirman; Bohari, Ridwan
    Spiny lobsters (Panulirus spp) are economically important crustaceans due to their value as a food. The spiny lobster caught generally by traps and bottom gillnets sometimes by divers support significant commercial catches along the South Sulawesi coast. The objective of the present study was to analyses Catch composition and Size distribution of the spiny lobster related to oceanography parameters. The study was conducted from March to August 2014 on the south coast of Bulukumba, South Sulawesi. Bottom gillnet was used in this study to catch the spiny lobsters Oceanography parameters such as temperature, salinity, and current velocity were used to relate the lobster catch from the coastal fishing grounds during the fishing season. Catch composition of spiny lobsters consist ofP.ornatus47.5 %, P. homarus25.8 %, P. versicolor 21.2 %, P. penicilatus 11 %. Carapace length of P. ornatus with most of the individuals sized from 41-50 mm, P.homarus51-60 mm, P. versicolor 41-60mm, P. penicilatus41-50 mm. The Oceanography parameters recorded from the fishing ground during fishing period were well within the optimum ranges such as temperature (27-29ºC), salinity (30-31 ‰), and current velocity (004-0.09 m/sec).
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    The Cham Boat Habitat
    (2015-01-27) Musa, Mohamad Zain; Samian, Abdul Latif
    The Cham people now living in Cambodia are descendants of the once famous kingdom of Champa (192-1835). Champa is part of the present day Vietnam. In Cambodia the Cham dwell in many types of houses which are called the "One, two or three ... roof houses". The largest is the "Seven roof houses" usually built by and for the well to do families. Other types of the Cham houses are known as Sang Pet, Sang Ketang and Gaiy Sang. The objective of this paper, which is a series of my research writing on the Cham houses in Cambodia, is to give a brief description of the types of the houses mentioned above and the description of the Habitat of the so called "boat people", people living in "gaiy sang, house boat" which differs from the "boat house" meant for housing racing boats. The focus will be on the living habitat of the families living all their lives on gaiy sang raising up their children and what will hold for the future of their offspring.
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    The Characteristic of Mitochondrial Cytochrome C Oxidase 1 Gene of Kryptopterus apogon (Bleeker, 1851)
    (2016-03-31) Elvyra; Duryadi
    A study on sequence in the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 1 gene of Kryptopterus apogon from Indragiri River of Riau Province In Indonesia has been conducted. This is a preliminary research on the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxydase 1 gene as molecular marker to obtain species diversity and and phylogenetic relationship on Kryptopterus from Indragiri River. Polymerase chain reactions (PCR) technique was applied to amplify cytochrome c oxidase 1 gene of 655 bp. The partial sequence of cytochrome c oxydase 1 gene was put on multiple alligment with other fishes in Siluriformes and Kryptopterus apogon from GenBank. Multiple alignment and analyzed using MEGA program version 3.0. Genetic distance based on nucleotide of cytochrome c oxidase 1 gene among Kryptopterus apogon (Indragiri river) and Kryptopterus apogon (GenBank) was 0.076. Their nucleotide substitutions consist of 42 nucleotide transitions and five nucleotide transversions. The phylogenetic relationship using Neighbor Joining method based on the sequence of nucleotide cytochrome c oxidase 1 gene among Kryptopterus apogon (Indragiri river) and Kryptopterus apogon (GenBank) form one phylogeny cluster with high bootstrap value.
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    The Characteristics and Perception of Fish Farmer to The Field Facilitator Performance in Empowerment in Koto Mesjid Village
    (2016-03-30) Zulkarnain; Lubis, Djuara P; Satria, Arif; Hubeis, Musa
    The research had three main objectives. The first objective was to know the characteristics of fish farmer and facilities to aquaculture production. The second was to understand the perception fish farmer on the field facilitator. Correlation between characteristics and perception of fish farmer was also analyzed. Field survey was applied and 95 respondents was interview in the field. The result showed that, the fish farmer characteristics was varied in the area under study; in term of age, education and income, number of family members, pond size, working time and experiences. The majority of fish farmer age in adult categories, education is moderate, and high in income. The next, pond size is big in size (higher than 1000 m2), the family members can categories is middle categories, working time is moderate the categories in 4 until 7 hour in a day, and experience is high more than 10 years. Finally there is correlation between characteristics and perceptions